Thanks to Eric for passing on that posting from Dennis re PDP-7 dsw.
For those who don't read the newsgroups, there's a new version of the
Begemot PDP-11 emulator:
------------------
From: Hartmut Brandt <brandt(a)fokus.gmd.de>
Newsgroups: alt.sys.pdp11
Subject: Version 2.4 of the p11 PDP-11 emulator
Date: 19 Nov 1999 15:04:33 GMT
Version 2.4 of p11 - the Begemot PDP-11 emulator - is available on
ftp.fokus.gmd.de:/pub/cats/usr/harti/p11. This release supports the following
platforms:
FreeBSD 4.0
Sparc-Solaris 2.[5678]
Redhat-Linux
It will possibly work on FreeBSD [23].* and other Linux variants.
To build it you need libbegemot (avalaible in the same location), gcc and
gmake. Previous versions also built on BSD/OS and SunOS.
------------------
Cheers,
Warren
Sorry for the repetition if you've already seen this. The
source code for the PDP-7 Unix dsw command was just reposted
in alt.sysadmin.recovery. Here's the article:
Newsgroups: alt.sysadmin.recovery
From: flaps(a)dgp.toronto.edu (Alan J Rosenthal)
Subject: Re: Time to train not one, but 15 PFY's. . .
Date: 23 Nov 99 22:17:39 GMT
SKaranyi+n0(a)localhost.ruhr.de (Wolfgang Schelongowski) writes:
>>NAME dsw -- delete interactively
...
>Radio hams with contact to the `Evil Empire' know that it's the short
>form of doswidanye or so. IOW "Bye".
Fascinating. It appears that although it was claimed to stand for "delete
from switches", and this is what it actually did, it was also a pun on the
amateur radio abbreviation.
The later program described in the previous article seems to be named after
the original (and no longer deserves the name "dsw"). And the original "dsw"
was *not* interactive.
The original "dsw" program uses the console switches to specify the file
to be deleted, for file names with funny characters in them. It was
astonishingly round-about: you would set the number 'n' on the switches,
then run dsw, and it found the name of file #n in the current directory,
and then created a core dump which when executed, would delete that file.
Sheesh. It's not like there wasn't an unlink() system call; why not just
unlink it? Well, I guess the idea is that you would examine the core file
and make sure it was deleting the right file. But there are still obvious
trivial improvements. And why not take the number in argv[1]?
Of course this was well before it was possible to write something like
"rm `command`".
It is interesting that the 1971(?) man page mentions that really there should
be an option to rm, and then goes on to specify "rm -i *" behaviour as
appropriate for a serious version of this command. That "BUGS" section sure
was a good idea. I still can't believe the sysV people renamed it to "NOTES".
dmr posted the man page of the original dsw program to net.general in 1981,
and it can thus be found at
http://communication.ucsd.edu/A-News/NET.general/81.08.12_research.19_net.g…
(there is an earlier posting about dsw, which is a joke)
dmr also posted the source code to net.unix-wizards in 1984. This is too
late for the "oldnews" archive, so I'll include the article here. I love
his comment that he considered posting instead to net.sources.
Date: 8 Dec 84 09:45:09 GMT
From: dmr(a)research.UUCP
Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards
Subject: dsw: pdp7 memorabilia
I happened to dredge up an old notebook and found a listing
of the PDP-7 version of dsw. Because several people have approached
me recently about reviving a version of PDP-7 Unix as a sort of
paleontological exhibit, and because the subject has been discussed
here, I thought people might be interested in seeing the code.
I first considered net.sources, but decided not to carry whimsy too far.
Dennis Ritchie
Notes:
1) The assembler has Knuth-style temporary labels but no literals.
2) The name of the current directory was evidently ".."
3) Formatting is faithfully reproduced.
4) "sys save" makes a core image.
------
" dsw
lac djmp
dac .-1
oas cla
cma
tad d1
dac t1
sys open; dd; 0
1:
lac d2
sys read; dir; 8
sna
sys exit
lac dir
sna
jmp 1b
isz t1
jmp 1b
wr:
lac d1
sys write; dir+1; 4
lac d1
sys write; o12; 1
sys save
do:
sys unlink; dir+1
sys exit
d1: 1
d2: 2
o12: 012
t1: 0
djmp: jmp do
dd: 056056; 040040; 040040; 040040
dir: .=.+8
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id LAA06682
for pups-liszt; Wed, 24 Nov 1999 11:13:19 +1100 (EST)
All,
I got this message from Guus Ellenkamp, <Ellenkamp.Guus(a)kpmg.nl>.
Can anybody help?
----- Forwarded message from Ellenkamp, Guus -----
I have a PDP-11/73, but without standard operating system. How to get and
install an operating system? Preferebly RSX11M or UNIX. I have an ST-60
tape. I don't know what disks are in it. It has 2 disks. How to see what
type they are?
Guus
----- End of forwarded message from Ellenkamp, Guus -----
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id SAA70740
for pups-liszt; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 18:54:06 +1100 (EST)
>From Wilko Bulte <wilko(a)yedi.iaf.nl> Tue Nov 2 16:24:29 1999
Received: from uni4nn.gn.iaf.nl (osmium.gn.iaf.nl [193.67.144.12])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id SAA70736
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Tue, 2 Nov 1999 18:53:57 +1100 (EST)
Received: from yedi.iaf.nl (uucp@localhost)
by uni4nn.gn.iaf.nl (8.9.2/8.9.2) with UUCP id IAA13061;
Tue, 2 Nov 1999 08:14:16 +0100 (MET)
Received: (from wilko@localhost)
by yedi.iaf.nl (8.9.3/8.9.3) id HAA46208;
Tue, 2 Nov 1999 07:24:29 +0100 (CET)
(envelope-from wilko)
From: Wilko Bulte <wilko(a)yedi.iaf.nl>
Message-Id: <199911020624.HAA46208(a)yedi.iaf.nl>
Subject: Re: Info on PDP-11 (fwd)
In-Reply-To: <199911020027.LAA59610(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> from Warren Toomey at "Nov 2, 1999 11:27:29 am"
To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au
Date: Tue, 2 Nov 1999 07:24:29 +0100 (CET)
Cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au, Ellenkamp.Guus(a)kpmg.nl
X-Organisation: Private FreeBSD site - Arnhem, The Netherlands
X-pgp-info: PGP public key at 'finger wilko(a)freefall.freebsd.org'
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)]
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
As Warren Toomey wrote ...
I can. I'm close by, both physically and timezone wise.
Guus: please send me email. I'm quite busy this week with NLUUG buth
I'll try to help asap.
Wilko
> All,
> I got this message from Guus Ellenkamp, <Ellenkamp.Guus(a)kpmg.nl>.
> Can anybody help?
>
> ----- Forwarded message from Ellenkamp, Guus -----
> I have a PDP-11/73, but without standard operating system. How to get and
> install an operating system? Preferebly RSX11M or UNIX. I have an ST-60
> tape. I don't know what disks are in it. It has 2 disks. How to see what
> type they are?
>
> Guus
> ----- End of forwarded message from Ellenkamp, Guus -----
>
--
| / o / / _ Arnhem, The Netherlands - Powered by FreeBSD -
|/|/ / / /( (_) Bulte WWW : http://www.tcja.nlhttp://www.freebsd.org
Greg Lehey wondered about the date in
> There's a binary of dc from either 1st or 2nd Edition in the PUPS Archive:
>
> -r---wxrw- 0/0 6846 Apr 14 06:50 1973 bin/dc
1973 is indeed post-Second-Edition. But it's not the right date; just as
the permission flags were different in the early years, so was the date
representation. Here are some gleanings from old manuals that tell the
story.
The relatively recent ls or tar or whatnot that printed the line above
presumably interpreted the date as if it were in modern form: seconds since
1 Jan 1970 UTC. So the raw number stored in the i-node was probably about
105000000 decimal (30 Apr 1973 in my time zone), or about 1200 days into the
epoch.
But the file system described in the First Edition manual takes the date
as a count of clock ticks since 1 Jan 1971. The clock ticked at 60Hz,
so the date is really about 1200/60 = 20 days into the epoch; if this file
came from a 1e file system, it was written on 21 Jan 1971.
The trouble with keeping a 60Hz clock in a 32-bit number is that it takes just
a couple of years before it overflows. A band-aid had been stuck on by the time
the Third Edition manual was printed: the base date changed to 1 Jan 1972. So
maybe bin/dc was written on 21 Jan 1972 instead. There's no way to tell just
from the bits in the i-node.
The modern time format (1-second resolution) appeared in the Fourth Edition manual.
It is probably not a coincidence that the file system format changed a lot at
the same time; groups appeared, permission modes changed to approximately their
current form, directory entries changed, and so on.
The 60Hz scheme seems to have come from the PDP-7, on which it made more sense;
the -7 has 36-bit words, so a 60Hz counter lasts 16 times longer. I bet the
base date changed at least once between the original PDP-7 system and the PDP-11
as well, since 1 Jan 1971 seems too recent for the PDP-7 system.
See http://www.cita.utoronto.ca/~norman/old-unix/old-fs.html for many more such
grotty details, collected in an insomniac night with a stack of old manuals some
months ago.
Norman Wilson
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA42069
for pups-liszt; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 10:02:33 +1000 (EST)
>From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au> Thu Oct 28 10:02:25 1999
Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.edu.au [131.236.21.158])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA42060
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 10:02:26 +1000 (EST)
Received: (from wkt@localhost)
by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.2/8.9.3) id KAA26898
for pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au; Thu, 28 Oct 1999 10:02:25 +1000 (EST)
From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au>
Message-Id: <199910280002.KAA26898(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au>
Subject: Re: dc and date numerology
In-Reply-To: <199910272349.JAA41914(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au> from "norman(a)nose.cita.utoronto.ca" at "Oct 27, 1999 7:48:50 pm"
To:
Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1999 10:02:25 +1000 (EST)
Cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)]
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
In article by norman(a)nose.cita.utoronto.ca:
> Greg Lehey wondered about the date in
> > -r---wxrw- 0/0 6846 Apr 14 06:50 1973 bin/dc
>
> 1973 is indeed post-Second-Edition. But it's not the right date; just as
> the permission flags were different in the early years, so was the date
> representation. Here are some gleanings from old manuals that tell the
> story.
[ much omitted ]
Norman details the fact that early Unixes stored time in 60ths of a second,
i.e the normal clock tick, and as such, a 32-bit integer overflows in
around 2.5 years.
However, I think Norman is not exactly right when he said that the
tar archive was reinterpreting this 1/60 sec time in units of seconds.
Dennis Ritchie, with help from Keith Bostic and a DECtape drive, managed to
retrieve these files from an old DECtape. These old files were stored in
tap(1) archive format.
Dennis wrote a program to read in the tap(1) format archives and extract
their contents while trying to maintain the _correct_ permissions and
timestamps. Here is his email describing this:
The tapes were written in either the 'tap' or 'tp' format, which
are similar in that they have a directory of up to 192 entries at
the start with names and other information including the size and
tape address of the files. 'tp' was the later format, and was in
use by November 1973, the date of the 4th edition manual. With
`tap', the times associated with the files were recorded in pre-modern
units: sixtieths of a second, from an origin that changed. The
first three editions of the manual had BUGS sections noting that
32 bits can represent only about 2.5 years in this unit, and this
implied continuing crises as the time overflowed.
I believe that the change to use seconds for Unix time took place
along with the change to the C version of the operating system,
which occurred about the end of the summer of 1973, and also that
the change from `tap' to `tp' took place at the same time. (This
is consistent with the dates of the 3rd and 4th edition manuals).
Thus the dates recorded with the `tp' tapes probably correspond
reliably to the modification dates of the files at the time of
saving them (of course, this gives only a upper bound on their
creation, since they might have been copied or trivially touched
just before saving them).
Recovering the proper dates for the `tap' tapes is less reliable,
because there was at least one change of epoch (from 1971 to 1972)
during the period they could possibly have been produced. I believe
that the 1972 epoch is most likely the correct one for the tapes here.
In other words, Dennis had to guess the epoch when recovering these files.
He got it right with the `nsys' kernel files, because there is enough other
data lying around documenting the kernel rewrite from assembly to C, and
the inclusion of pipes into the kernel.
However, with the s2.tar archive, I think Dennis got the epoch one year out,
i.e everything should be dated a year earlier. The most obvious is that
there are so many 0405 magic a.out files in the archive, and apparently
this a.out format disappeared in the 2nd Edition.
Cheers all,
Warren
In article by Eric Fischer:
> Brian D. Chase writes,
>
> > Just a quick question. Was the `dc' command introduced with one of the
> > BSD releases or did it exist in an earlier version of Unix like the 6th or
> > 7th Edition?
>
> It appears in the First Edition manual, and according to A Quarter
> Century of Unix, it's even older than that.
> eric
There's a binary of dc from either 1st or 2nd Edition in the PUPS Archive:
-r---wxrw- 0/0 6846 Apr 14 06:50 1973 bin/dc
Warren
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA29099
for pups-liszt; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:24:03 +1000 (EST)
>From Brian D Chase <bdc(a)world.std.com> Tue Oct 26 10:23:42 1999
Received: from europe.std.com (europe.std.com [199.172.62.20])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA29095
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:23:54 +1000 (EST)
Received: from world.std.com (bdc(a)world-f.std.com [199.172.62.5])
by europe.std.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA13599;
Mon, 25 Oct 1999 20:23:44 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from localhost (bdc@localhost)
by world.std.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id UAA11996;
Mon, 25 Oct 1999 20:23:43 -0400 (EDT)
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 17:23:42 -0700
From: Brian D Chase <bdc(a)world.std.com>
To: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au>
cc: Unix Heritage Society <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>
Subject: Re: When did the `dc' command first appear?
In-Reply-To: <199910260007.KAA16993(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au>
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.4.04.9910251718360.7714-100000(a)world.std.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
On Tue, 26 Oct 1999, Warren Toomey wrote:
> There's a binary of dc from either 1st or 2nd Edition in the PUPS Archive:
>
> -r---wxrw- 0/0 6846 Apr 14 06:50 1973 bin/dc
Hmmm... did the permissions on files have the same meaning back in 1973 as
they do now? Group and "other" writeable system binaries? Tsk tsk tsk.
Well I suppose just because someone has written the Unix operating system,
it doesn't necessarily mean that they're a very good Unix sysadmin.
-brian.
--- Brian Chase | bdc(a)world.std.com | http://world.std.com/~bdc/ -----
"Captain, we're experiencing a high rate of packet collisions!" -- K.
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA29144
for pups-liszt; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:27:16 +1000 (EST)
>From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au> Tue Oct 26 10:27:09 1999
Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.edu.au [131.236.21.158])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id KAA29140
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:27:10 +1000 (EST)
Received: (from wkt@localhost)
by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.2/8.9.3) id KAA17113
for pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:27:10 +1000 (EST)
From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au>
Message-Id: <199910260027.KAA17113(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au>
Subject: Re: When did the `dc' command first appear?
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SGI.4.04.9910251718360.7714-100000(a)world.std.com> from Brian D Chase at "Oct 25, 1999 5:23:42 pm"
To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (Unix Heritage Society)
Date: Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:27:09 +1000 (EST)
Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)]
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
In article by Brian D Chase:
> On Tue, 26 Oct 1999, Warren Toomey wrote:
>
> > There's a binary of dc from either 1st or 2nd Edition in the PUPS Archive:
> >
> > -r---wxrw- 0/0 6846 Apr 14 06:50 1973 bin/dc
>
> Hmmm... did the permissions on files have the same meaning back in 1973 as
> they do now? Group and "other" writeable system binaries? Tsk tsk tsk.
>
> Well I suppose just because someone has written the Unix operating system,
> it doesn't necessarily mean that they're a very good Unix sysadmin.
No, the perms have got stuffed up in conversion from 1st Ed permissions
to the tar archive. 1st Edition had no groups, and only had perms
01 write for other
02 read for other
04 write for owner [ all octal values ]
10 read for owner
20 executable
40 set-UID
Warren
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id KAA29265
for pups-liszt; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:36:34 +1000 (EST)
>From Dave Horsfall <dave(a)fgh.geac.com.au> Tue Oct 26 10:33:59 1999
Received: from caveman.geac.com.au (caveman.geac.com.au [203.30.73.2])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id KAA29260
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:36:26 +1000 (EST)
Received: (qmail 24193 invoked from network); 26 Oct 1999 10:36:59 +1000
Received: from trowel.geac.com.au (203.1.26.189)
by caveman.geac.com.au with SMTP; 26 Oct 1999 10:36:59 +1000
Received: (qmail 931 invoked from network); 26 Oct 1999 10:36:24 +1000
Received: from fgh.geac.com.au (202.6.67.163)
by trowel.geac.com.au with SMTP; 26 Oct 1999 10:36:24 +1000
Received: from localhost (dave@localhost)
by fgh.geac.com.au?r with ESMTP id KAA08766
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:34:00 +1000
Delivered-To: <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>
X-Authentication-Warning: fgh.geac.com.au: dave owned process doing -bs
Date: Tue, 26 Oct 1999 10:33:59 +1000 (EST)
From: Dave Horsfall <dave(a)fgh.geac.com.au>
X-Sender: dave@fgh
To: PDP Unix Preservation Society <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>
Subject: Re: When did the `dc' command first appear?
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SGI.4.04.9910251718360.7714-100000(a)world.std.com>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.20.9910261031430.7382-100000@fgh>
X-No-Archive: Yes
X-Witty-Saying: "Tesseract - Enter at own risk"
X-Disclaimer: "Me, speak for us?"
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
On Mon, 25 Oct 1999, Brian D Chase wrote:
> > -r---wxrw- 0/0 6846 Apr 14 06:50 1973 bin/dc
>
> Hmmm... did the permissions on files have the same meaning back in 1973 as
> they do now? Group and "other" writeable system binaries? Tsk tsk tsk.
I don't believe the concept of group permissions existed then...
> Well I suppose just because someone has written the Unix operating system,
> it doesn't necessarily mean that they're a very good Unix sysadmin.
On the other hand, people actually trusted each other, because you
all worked with each other, and it was common for someone to write a
utility and stick it on the system. Hint: /usr wasn't called that for
no reason...
--
Dave Horsfall VK2KFU dave(a)geac.com.au Ph: +61 2 9978-7493 Fx: +61 2 9978-7422
Geac Computers P/L (FGH Division) 2/57 Christie St, St Leonards 2065, Australia
Just a quick question. Was the `dc' command introduced with one of the
BSD releases or did it exist in an earlier version of Unix like the 6th or
7th Edition?
-brian.
--- Brian Chase | bdc(a)world.std.com | http://world.std.com/~bdc/ -----
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA27477
for pups-liszt; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 03:20:12 +1000 (EST)
Brian Chase asked:
> Just a quick question. Was the `dc' command introduced with one of the
> BSD releases or did it exist in an earlier version of Unix like the 6th or
> 7th Edition?
I see it on the System III and Version 7 systems. I don't see it in V6 distro
however.
Cheers,
-skots
--
Scott G. Akmentins-Taylor InterNet: staylor(a)mrynet.com
MRY Systems staylor(a)mrynet.lv
(Skots Gregorijs Akmentins-Teilors -- just call me "Skots")
----- Labak miris neka sarkans -----
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id EAA27681
for pups-liszt; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 04:03:31 +1000 (EST)
>From Eric Fischer <enf(a)pobox.com> Tue Oct 26 04:15:15 1999
Received: from csadfa.cs.adfa.edu.au (csadfa.cs.adfa.edu.au [131.236.21.6])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id EAA27677
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 04:03:25 +1000 (EST)
Received: from 216-80-13-97.d.enteract.com (216-80-13-90.d.enteract.com [216.80.13.90])
by csadfa.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.0/8.9.0) with ESMTP id EAA09243
for <pups@minnie@cs.adfa.oz.au>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 04:03:21 +1000 (EST)
Received: (from eric@localhost)
by 216-80-13-97.d.enteract.com (8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA25814;
Mon, 25 Oct 1999 13:15:15 -0500 (CDT)
(envelope-from eric)
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 13:15:15 -0500 (CDT)
Message-Id: <199910251815.NAA25814(a)216-80-13-97.d.enteract.com>
From: Eric Fischer <enf(a)pobox.com>
To: bdc(a)world.std.com
Subject: Re: When did the `dc' command first appear?
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SGI.4.04.9910250931400.1849-100000(a)world.std.com>
References: <Pine.SGI.4.04.9910250931400.1849-100000(a)world.std.com>
Cc: pups@minnie@cs.adfa.oz.au
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
Brian D. Chase writes,
> Just a quick question. Was the `dc' command introduced with one of the
> BSD releases or did it exist in an earlier version of Unix like the 6th or
> 7th Edition?
It appears in the First Edition manual, and according to A Quarter
Century of Unix, it's even older than that. "There was also a version
of dc, desk calculator, a very very early program. That was actually
the first program that ran on the PDP-11. It ran standalone before
there was an operating system." (p. 35)
eric
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id EAA27847
for pups-liszt; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 04:24:20 +1000 (EST)
>From Mark Green <mark(a)cs.ualberta.ca> Tue Oct 26 04:23:48 1999
Received: from scapa.cs.ualberta.ca (root(a)scapa.cs.ualberta.ca [129.128.4.44])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id EAA27843
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Tue, 26 Oct 1999 04:24:12 +1000 (EST)
Received: (from localhost user: 'mark' uid#150 fake: goodfare.cs.ualberta.ca)
by scapa.cs.ualberta.ca id <S433932AbPJYSXv>;
Mon, 25 Oct 1999 12:23:51 -0600
Subject: Re: When did the `dc' command first appear?
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SGI.4.04.9910250931400.1849-100000(a)world.std.com> from Brian D Chase at "Oct 25, 1999 09:34:40 am"
From: Mark Green <mark(a)cs.ualberta.ca>
To: bdc(a)world.std.com (Brian D Chase)
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 12:23:48 -0600 (MDT)
Cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL53 (25)]
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Message-Id: <19991025182355Z433932-29789+188(a)scapa.cs.ualberta.ca>
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
> Just a quick question. Was the `dc' command introduced with one of the
> BSD releases or did it exist in an earlier version of Unix like the 6th or
> 7th Edition?
>
I think it was in 6th, but thats straining my memory a bit.
--
Dr. Mark Green mark(a)cs.ualberta.ca
Professor (780) 492-4584
Director, Research Institute for Multimedia Systems (RIMS)
Department of Computing Science (780) 492-1071 (FAX)
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H1, Canada
Hi everyone,
I have already posted this program to the PUPS list back in December 1998, but
people are asking for it again, and also there are people on the Quasijarus
list and not on the PUPS list who want it, so I'm posting it again, to both
lists.
This program can read a tape on a UNIX box without the user having to know
anything about its format. This program automatically determines how many files
are on the tape, what is the record size for each, and whether there are any
oddities such as partial records. It saves each tape file into a separate disk
file and produces a log of everything found on the tape.
It's a simple C program and should compile and run on virtually any UNIX or
UNIX-like system. The original version was written by one guy I met on another
list once and then it was significantly enhanced by me. I include it below as
a uuencoded 'compress -s'ed tarball.
--
Michael Sokolov Harhan Computer Operation Facility
Special Agent 615 N GOOD LATIMER EXPY #4
International Free Computing Task Force DALLAS TX 75204-5852 USA
Phone: +1-214-824-7693
ARPA INET: msokolov(a)meson.jpsystems.com
Enclosure: uuencoded cptape.tar.Z:
begin 644 cptape.tar.Z
M'Z'M6&U3&S<0YJOU*P0T@PW&^,`X&3NF0PBT:0G,0-(WFNF(.YU]PUER[^08
MFO#?N[LZ^>X<4MK.0#[D=B;#25KMR[-O<EZ+*QE&L5QZ0/+:[6ZGPY<X]]K=
M'?S+.[NTMN1UGG+>[>[L[NZTM[UM8FOO+O'V0QKE:)H:D7"^-+Y..]U_X'L[
M#,X?PYY'IE6V"A%XG64!#W7"_8D1$\E6&3M]\<.@-A:1:FEV?G:0??N,'1P=
M[W]W/JAMGC)FV7NU;^K`WF`UW^?VDV]J)XM]:3<K^@R='>Z_?'WXL#KNJ7^O
MLUVH_YVGR-;>[5;U_QAD"Y0G4@0I%YP6D>):29Z.M&GR22S\2`VY%/[('E.C
MB)31P)_*B4B$D3R(TBM&)T(%/-;#(5XR(^2$IC(6)M**BTL]-:#,UTG`T^@O
MF;9<`R%%,OTW>NR)$F,9\#7\;BFUUN2SD4PD4XI'*2DV,[T91,/(P.T_IU*9
M2,1<3<>7,N$Z)!82!'81.^JL@^^!]*.QB!DFAD$O9I$9\;;7:/$W(YG:6P!6
M(KD/N!FP(K(B_&F2(a)!XP$EPT.KEI\2-HJ&84I0PX4ZW(2D5PHV3!E9R1YB9!
M/M/3..`*\8KCFTP\<,T%4H..3)/Y`0=@X(OP3J8J:[4\3/08C4DD0'LREV0/
M(:2HX%+2#9&"N#C6L[0WC\)F3.98%Y^G$\!"Q'N,$;CYAL,8@^#`3(1U!0!\
M'_F@S/(27$TN6\-6DVW!V99*QJ:-8(*0613'N9]W!99<IJQ8C!9#U\N7YK:O
MV:@)'D>I00L!ACRM4GM*5N?)R)RFUM<SK^Q$?U@=]_3_W=UNN]#_V\BVW?6J
M_O\8M+7.^+IK#YO<UY.;8IE`X4S5E=(SY0HEEFIH1G!IB['52/GQ-,"^8()(
MMT9[A:W05R8N;\DD40M<Z4VZ194.NVPU@.*%-GCRXNU1C9X&J".D-=^#5?E>
MI/U,@U1!%#(&PX(/I=$3P^N-/I/71B;0&$<0X'78%,EPOHFLL!6IH(E_P;)^
MKA_4G;_Z[=":T-UYUJEMK?-]'_VGJ:;Y&,99O=-H\K&XMGA=QMJ_LFVD!@2@
M8C<Y/SA_1>>I:UP_[?^"S=/K_MC*&+?(<!9H!+^._3L$HV"$(BX-<LIN]MG1
MJ^-#OIX=]=D'AA9"`IO(ASBET5!!$R1_+Z=A*).+S)-W?>*<L\0:W+`!5=J>
MD1J0JB<PGP:\O7`#CR"@<.+E_$:C4;@BG;`$+NS$%\_NU$CST4>,`&P\1HCJ
M_?[<E(V-!O_`:L1\>6-DBH,2>&N4.=:LVOP`UOAG#IGUN>G"!QE0@^2IY_S/
M>9ODH^H)B-1)?67^_%E!?CQ)I)E"AGA]6D'D<7YCS(3B=`E#5KOE,H:W0%G!
M8%#0@$<.T8;=@A,RR8]U*NL(7P-.:KA=M`D>29.I#4>/$R\91SSR.C)UCY:W
M\&^20"#"^LH;<&,LDBL8M#`4H6QI*JX^:6]/?U<K31<_NI=];VRX11YS4G%K
M_Z!_N=E@4'J'&H3/&I?!5A"2093!`4`21JF&)T,@C'#M!AYH".BGZ4*XSI+(
M&*DP"1RHRW>@ZG`X=X^VW/]F<<;W^).XA$@SPQ5H'D?R!S7-B]#RA)F6;+O)
M5X[^NY8[5*69W+R`0#1U192\$#W,&@@6O9E*-]K=;G=NN>4:\$WO_@1#29]-
ML$)^>#;,ME2S?*GE-0T[A9K]-),6BG%Y4.@')2.S4/XL$@61[#E@5P'3<F9C
M4>(F"46XRR(a)[4_,H+.#N$JH0YMJG,?X?=MRO^C;+YV)CFR=&EO.PC5^V4>3M
MK23(N5"ZMUR(1,.6QUV!)^&EXO7ZME#S-N=*F=KU+9Z%]H1E-7UR^N;L</_@
M^\.7N&O=HGF&+\LZC%P??J(DP_=VD.&ZS^Q$7L=M-\3PT"_,$C?DZ`?&@)^\
M/3ZVIZ416#JQ]V@8W'4QGZ,<RR+?!&?#>&AC0)NS$8JNUWW8L\^)@A^0$'%O
MI=%`D`]/CPC>%'Y-P.^3ND\K7T#36XO7>A:]LB/N&6*##0&Z@F]X=HAI;'KN
M[K?NKC6-&G61/XN&M1:CG[GP\6/VID'CT&1HL1[9Y+(:WFG`"SY,4S'$VK</
MOPOXV9?9^8Y`@B3&O*!>L-WH+^HK^)0-;!>.$'M%\1QTS5;<*%[.*ZT\AHL"
M,V?S/E1R=R&^&)(+Z_2[?H$C(*S!E")_DY_^<?;R].3X5^B6F5<TI;,;U"[1
MGWFY@`1Z\=G_%G&EDV/CE;')RN@S3[D^E,>7?N]75%%%%554444555111155
/5%%%7Q_]#6D82E<`*```
`
end
Howdy -
> From: pups(a)mrynet.com (PUPS mailing list)
>
> Has anyone successfully booted either the System III
> (...Distributions/usdl/SysIII/) or Ultrix (...Distritutions/dec/Ultrix*)
> tape images? I don't have a real PDP-11 any more, however both the
I don't know what the problem with Ultrix is but I suspect
your trouble with System-III is similar to what I wasted a couple
days on eons ago
Spent a fruitless couple days trying to get Sys-III going on a 11/44
only to have it dawn on me that Sys-III didn't have *any* UMR support
except for the DH-11 - thus an 11/70 with MASSBUS devices was the
only thing Sys-III would run on.
As far as I know no effort was put into Sys-III to deal with 22
bit machines that didn't have a MASSBUS (a la 11/70). PERHAPS
that is what is biting you? Feels likely. I know that no effort
was put in to supporting UMRs on 22bit systems such as the 11/44.
The Supnik and Begemot emulators offer up a ~kdj-11 (11/53, 73, ...)
and not an 11/70 so it could be that Sys-III is trying to do
something 11/70'ish that KDJ-11 based systems don't offer.
Steven Schultz
sms(a)moe.2bsd.com
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id NAA00889
for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Oct 1999 13:39:50 +1000 (EST)
>From "P.BASKER" <basker(a)protocol.ece.iisc.ernet.in> Thu Oct 21 13:04:09 1999
Received: from uumail-relay-blr.ernet.in (uumail-relay-blr.ernet.in [202.141.1.17])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id NAA00885
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Thu, 21 Oct 1999 13:39:39 +1000 (EST)
Received: from ece.iisc.ernet.in (ece.iisc.ernet.in [144.16.64.2])
by uumail-relay-blr.ernet.in (8.9.0/8.9.0) with SMTP id JAA05114
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Thu, 21 Oct 1999 09:13:26 +0530
Received: from protocol.ece.iisc.ernet.in by ece.iisc.ernet.in (4.1/SMI-4.1)
id AA29573; Thu, 21 Oct 99 09:09:06+0530
Received: from localhost (basker@localhost)
by protocol.ece.iisc.ernet.in (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id IAA24170
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Thu, 21 Oct 1999 08:34:09 +0530
Date: Thu, 21 Oct 1999 08:34:09 +0530 (IST)
From: "P.BASKER" <basker(a)protocol.ece.iisc.ernet.in>
Reply-To: "P.BASKER" <basker(a)protocol.ece.iisc.ernet.in>
To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Subject: assembler?
In-Reply-To: <199910210259.TAA16059(a)moe.2bsd.com>
Message-Id: <Pine.LNX.3.96.991021082828.24006A-100000(a)protocol.ece.iisc.ernet.in>
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
Hi ,
Im interested in a PDP-11 assembler that has the MACRO-11 syntax,
I got a book, "Introduction to Computer Systems using the PDP-11 and
Pascal" by McEwans, Thought it would be nice to have the assembler to
check out. I hope the assembler is a load and go assembler cum simulator.
I want to check out some PDP-11 assembly on my linux machine.
Does anyone remember a program called "apout" I think that might work for
cross development (learning).
Bye
P.Basker
Research Program Asst, ECE Dept IISc, India
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id OAA01039
for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Oct 1999 14:03:45 +1000 (EST)
>From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au> Thu Oct 21 14:02:36 1999
Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.edu.au [131.236.21.158])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id OAA01035
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Thu, 21 Oct 1999 14:03:38 +1000 (EST)
Received: (from wkt@localhost)
by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.2/8.9.3) id OAA00539;
Thu, 21 Oct 1999 14:02:36 +1000 (EST)
From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au>
Message-Id: <199910210402.OAA00539(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au>
Subject: Re: assembler?
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.3.96.991021082828.24006A-100000(a)protocol.ece.iisc.ernet.in> from "P.BASKER" at "Oct 21, 1999 8:34: 9 am"
To: basker(a)protocol.ece.iisc.ernet.in
Date: Thu, 21 Oct 1999 14:02:36 +1000 (EST)
Cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (Unix Heritage Society)
Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.edu.au
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)]
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
In article by P.BASKER:
> Hi ,
> Im interested in a PDP-11 assembler that has the MACRO-11 syntax,
> I got a book, "Introduction to Computer Systems using the PDP-11 and
> Pascal" by McEwans, Thought it would be nice to have the assembler to
> check out. I hope the assembler is a load and go assembler cum simulator.
> I want to check out some PDP-11 assembly on my linux machine.
>
> Does anyone remember a program called "apout" I think that might work for
> cross development (learning).
> Bye
Yes, I wrote Apout. It runs user-mode programs from V5, V6, V7, 2.9BSD
and 2.11BSD. So if you could find an assembler for any of these systems
which met your requirements, and produced .o files which could be linked
using the normal Unix linker, you'd be okay.
However, I haven't heard of a Unix assembler with MACRO-11 syntax, and
Apout only runs PDP-11 Unix binaries. So you probably would be better
off with a full emulator running a DEC OS with MACRO-11.
Cheers,
Warren
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id RAA01742
for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Oct 1999 17:06:23 +1000 (EST)
>From Wilko Bulte <wilko(a)yedi.iaf.nl> Thu Oct 21 09:01:53 1999
Received: from uni4nn.gn.iaf.nl (osmium.gn.iaf.nl [193.67.144.12])
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id RAA01732
for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Thu, 21 Oct 1999 17:06:09 +1000 (EST)
Received: from yedi.iaf.nl (uucp@localhost)
by uni4nn.gn.iaf.nl (8.9.2/8.9.2) with UUCP id IAA21266;
Thu, 21 Oct 1999 08:51:13 +0200 (MET DST)
Received: (from wilko@localhost)
by yedi.iaf.nl (8.9.3/8.9.3) id BAA44603;
Thu, 21 Oct 1999 01:01:53 +0200 (CEST)
(envelope-from wilko)
From: Wilko Bulte <wilko(a)yedi.iaf.nl>
Message-Id: <199910202301.BAA44603(a)yedi.iaf.nl>
Subject: Re: booting archived Sys III and Ultrix 3.x images
In-Reply-To: <199910202028.NAA49448(a)mrynet.com> from PUPS mailing list at "Oct 20, 1999 1:28:36 pm"
To: pups(a)mrynet.com (PUPS mailing list)
Date: Thu, 21 Oct 1999 01:01:53 +0200 (CEST)
Cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
X-Organisation: Private FreeBSD site - Arnhem, The Netherlands
X-pgp-info: PGP public key at 'finger wilko(a)freefall.freebsd.org'
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)]
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Precedence: bulk
As PUPS mailing list wrote ...
> Has anyone successfully booted either the System III
> (...Distributions/usdl/SysIII/) or Ultrix (...Distritutions/dec/Ultrix*)
> tape images? I don't have a real PDP-11 any more, however both the
Ultrix-11 V3.1 works just fine on my 11/83. I supplied the binary images
to PUPS from the .5" reel tape ;-) So, yes it can work. My PDP is now
running 2.11BSD btw.
--
| / o / / _ Arnhem, The Netherlands - Powered by FreeBSD -
|/|/ / / /( (_) Bulte WWW : http://www.tcja.nlhttp://www.freebsd.org
Received: (from major@localhost)
by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.3/8.9.3) id AAA03366
for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Oct 1999 00:56:31 +1000 (EST)
Has anyone successfully booted either the System III
(...Distributions/usdl/SysIII/) or Ultrix (...Distritutions/dec/Ultrix*)
tape images? I don't have a real PDP-11 any more, however both the
Begemot P11 and the Supnik emulators produce the following on a
generated boot disk:
#0=unixhptm
ka6 = 1535
aps = 141774
pc = 1476 ps = 30010
trap type 0
ka6 = 1535
aps = 141666
pc = 113444 ps = 30300
trap type 0
panic: trap
The Ultrix images both fail to actually boot from tape, as they
quit after reading the first boot block. Thus I am unable get as
far as being able to generate a disk image for booting.
I'm somewhat confident that my tape image booting and system generation
procedures used with the Supnik emulator are working properly, since I
successfully generate disk systems from both the V7 (Bostic) and
the 2.11BSD boot-tape images.
Any info and interest of others gleefully appreciated :)
-skots
--
Scott G. Akmentins-Taylor InterNet: staylor(a)mrynet.com
MRY Systems staylor(a)mrynet.lv
(Skots Gregorijs Akmentins-Teilors -- just call me "Skots")
----- Labak miris neka sarkans -----
