TUHS

tuhs@tuhs.org

6420 discussions

by mxs46＠k2.scl.cwru.edu

Dear PUPS/TUHS members, I have added the EPROM image from my KA650-B V1.2 CPU to the VAX firmware collection in Distributions/4bsd/odds-ends in the PUPS archive. Sincerely, Michael Sokolov Phone: 440-449-0299 ARPA Internet SMTP mail: mxs46(a)k2.scl.cwru.edu

26 years

DEC odds and ends

by mxs46＠k2.scl.cwru.edu

Dear PUPS/TUHS members, I have just created a new directory in the 4BSD area of the PUPS archive, Distributions/4bsd/odds-ends. This directory contains various DEC odds and ends: microcodes, ROM images, diags, VMS/Ultrix booters and bits, etc. The following items are currently available: rabads.core Ultrix rabads program, pure core version for putting onto console media and loading via console commands. rabads.a.out Ultrix rabads program, a.out version for putting onto a UNIX filesystem and loading via UNIX boot. scsimfm.bin EPROM image from the SCSI/MFM daughterboard for KA42. This list is certain to grow very soon. Sincerely, Michael Sokolov Phone: 440-449-0299 ARPA Internet SMTP mail: mxs46(a)k2.scl.cwru.edu

26 years

Quasijarus Project WWW page set update and change in passwd plans

by mxs46＠k2.scl.cwru.edu

Dear PUPS/TUHS members, I have just updated the Quasijarus Project WWW page set, adding the features page listing all features added to the master source tree since the currently shipping release. You can find this new page at: http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/Quasijarus/features.html I have also changed my plans regarding the shadow and shared passwords. See: http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/Quasijarus/passwd.html Sincerely, Michael Sokolov Cellular phone: 216-217-2579 ARPA Internet SMTP mail: mxs46(a)k2.scl.cwru.edu

26 years

Re: Old pic of ken and dmr

by Warren Toomey

In article by Tom Ivar Helbekkmo: > Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> writes: > > > Patrick Regan, from Bell Labs, has sent in a 2M jpg of > > Ken and Dennis at the console of a PDP-11/20, around 1970. > > That's neat! I've got a very good print of it here (that huge Epson > color inkjet printer we bought at work really does a good job with the > expensive "photo quality" paper in it), and will frame it and hang it > on the wall of my basement machine room in my home. However (and my > ignorance is showing now, I know) who is whom in the picture? Dennis is the one, bearded, on the left. Ken is sitting at the terminal. Warren Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id JAA21478 for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 09:57:09 +1100 (EST) >From Carl Lowenstein <cdl(a)mpl.ucsd.edu> Fri Jan 22 08:56:42 1999 Received: from mpl.ucsd.edu (chiton.ucsd.edu [192.135.238.128]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id JAA21473 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 09:56:59 +1100 (EST) Received: (from cdl@localhost) by mpl.ucsd.edu (8.8.8+Sun/8.8.8) id OAA16254; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:56:42 -0800 (PST) Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:56:42 -0800 (PST) From: Carl Lowenstein <cdl(a)mpl.ucsd.edu> Message-Id: <199901212256.OAA16254(a)mpl.ucsd.edu> To: agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu, wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au Subject: Re: UNIX V6.TAPE Cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk > From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> > Subject: Re: UNIX V6.TAPE > Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:50:59 +1100 (EST) > > In article by alejandro gonzalez: > > > > Can anyone point me to instructions on getting the tape in: Ken_Wellsch_v6 > > up and running on Supnik's Simulator? I have been trying some things, and > > when it gives me the '=' prompt, anything i type makes the program freeze. > > > > I have been following these instructions, the problem comes up when I > > get the '=' prompt. I type: "tmrk", it just freezes. > > The 6th Ed installation instructions say: The tape contains 12100 512-byte > records followed by a single file mark. Have you made the tape image for > Bob Supnik's emulator to match this, and what configuration file are you > giving to the emulator? But the tape image also contains bootstraps for two kinds of tape drives in the first 100 blocks. Followed by 3 x 4000-block RK05 images. More than this I don't remember offhand, but I do have the "Setting up Unix" document on a bookshelf somewhere in another office. > P.S You can use the RK05 disk image in > Distributions/research/Dennis_v6/v6root.gz, or the RL02 image in > Bootable_Images/v6_rl02_unknown.gz, > unless you really do want to install V6 from tape. The number of people in the world who have actually installed V6 from tape is probably pretty small. But I am one of them, for better or worse. carl carl lowenstein marine physical lab u.c. san diego {decvax|ucbvax} !ucsd!mpl!cdl cdl(a)mpl.ucsd.edu clowenstein(a)ucsd.edu Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id LAA21792 for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:07:41 +1100 (EST) >From Dave Horsfall <dave(a)fgh.geac.com.au> Fri Jan 22 10:03:31 1999 Received: from caveman.geac.com.au (caveman.geac.com.au [203.30.73.2]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id LAA21787 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:07:30 +1100 (EST) Received: (qmail 6007 invoked from network); 22 Jan 1999 00:08:09 -0000 Received: from brane.geac.com.au (202.6.67.115) by caveman.geac.com.au with SMTP; 22 Jan 1999 00:08:09 -0000 Received: from fgh.geac.com.au by brane.geac.com.au with smtp\n (Smail3.1.29.1 #3) id m103U3c-0002fpC; Fri, 22 Jan 99 11:02 AEDT Received: from localhost (dave@localhost) by fgh.geac.com.au (SMI-8.X/SVR4) with ESMTP id LAA04565 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:03:31 +1100 Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:03:31 +1100 (EST) From: Dave Horsfall <dave(a)fgh.geac.com.au> X-Sender: dave@fgh To: PDP Unix Preservation Society <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au> Subject: Re: UNIX V6.TAPE In-Reply-To: <199901212256.OAA16254(a)mpl.ucsd.edu> Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9901221102270.3559-100000@fgh> X-No-Archive: Yes X-Witty-Saying: "Tesseract - Enter at own risk" X-Disclaimer: "Me, speak for us?" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk On Thu, 21 Jan 1999, Carl Lowenstein wrote: > The number of people in the world who have actually installed V6 from > tape is probably pretty small. But I am one of them, for better or worse. Me too :-) But I've long since forgotten the details... -- Dave Horsfall VK2KFU dave(a)geac.com.au Ph: +61 2 9978-7493 Fx: +61 2 9978-7422 Geac Computers P/L (FGH Division) 2/57 Christie St, St Leonards 2065, Australia Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id LAA21973 for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:31:53 +1100 (EST) >From "Erin W. Corliss" <erin(a)coffee.corliss.net> Fri Jan 22 10:36:01 1999 Received: from coffee.corliss.net (erin(a)coffee.gta-tech.com.121.7.12.in-addr.arpa [12.7.121.245] (may be forged)) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id LAA21968 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:31:44 +1100 (EST) Received: from localhost (erin@localhost) by coffee.corliss.net (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id QAA01606 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 16:36:01 -0800 Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 16:36:01 -0800 (PST) From: "Erin W. Corliss" <erin(a)coffee.corliss.net> To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Subject: Memory Management Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.3.96.990121163113.412A-100000(a)coffee.corliss.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk The documentation that Warren gave me describes the memory management scheme. It says that when the machine is first started, the memory management unit is disabled -- anyone know how to enable it, and where the segmentation registers are (I'm assuming they are in the 0160000-0177777 range somewhere)? Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id LAA22017 for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:38:06 +1100 (EST) >From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Fri Jan 22 10:39:04 1999 Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.oz.au [131.236.21.158]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id LAA22012 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:37:58 +1100 (EST) Received: (from wkt@localhost) by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id LAA11544 for pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:39:04 +1100 (EST) (envelope-from wkt) From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Message-Id: <199901220039.LAA11544(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Subject: Re: UNIX V6.TAPE To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au (Unix Heritage Society) Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1999 11:39:04 +1100 (EST) Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk All, Here is how to install 6th Edition from the tape image v6.tape.gz in Distributions/research/Ken_Wellsch_v6, onto Bob Supnik's emulator 2.3d: I found makesimtape.c in Trees/2.11BSD/usr/src/sys/pdpstand in the PUPS Archive. Warren /usr/local/src/Sim_2.3d: ls -l total 14822 -rwx------ 1 wkt wheel 6018 Jan 22 11:18 makesimtape -rwx------ 1 wkt wheel 117728 Jan 11 14:02 pdp -rw------- 1 wkt wheel 42 Jan 22 11:27 v6 -r-------- 1 wkt wheel 6195200 Jan 22 11:20 v6.tape -r-------- 1 wkt wheel 2494464 Jan 15 14:14 v6root -rw------- 1 wkt wheel 14 Jan 22 11:23 z /usr/local/src/Sim_2.3d: cat z # Input to makesimtape v6.tape 1 * 1 /usr/local/src/Sim_2.3d: ./makesimtape -i z -o v6tape v6.tape: block 0, file 0 # Output is file v6tape, not shown /usr/local/src/Sim_2.3d: cat v6 # Supnik sim config file set cpu 18b att rk0 v6root att tm0 v6tape /usr/local/src/Sim_2.3d: ./pdp v6 # Run simulator PDP-11 simulator V2.3d sim> id 10000-10012 # Toggle in boot code 10000: 012700 # as per V6 install 10002: 172526 # instructions 10004: 010040 10006: 012740 10010: 060003 10012: 000777 sim> g 10000 # Run above boot code # After a while, enter ctrl-E Simulation stopped, PC: 010012 (BR 10012) sim> g 0 # Restart CPU at location 0 =tmrk disk offset # Follow instructions as per 0 # V6 install notes tape offset 100 count 1 =tmrk disk offset 1 tape offset 101 count 3999 = # Enter ctrl-E Simulation stopped, PC: 137274 (TSTB @#177560) sim> b rk # Boot RK device 0 @rkunix # Choose correct kernel image login: root # ls -l total 244 drwxrwxr-x 2 bin 1104 May 14 00:47 bin drwxrwxr-x 2 bin 1824 Aug 14 22:04 dev drwxrwxr-x 2 bin 496 Oct 10 12:29 etc -rwxrwxrwx 1 root 29074 Oct 10 12:28 hpunix drwxrwxr-x 2 bin 464 May 13 23:35 lib drwxrwxr-x 2 bin 32 May 13 20:01 mnt -rwxrwxrwx 1 root 28836 Oct 10 12:22 rkunix -rwxrwxrwx 1 root 29020 Oct 10 12:25 rpunix drwxrwxrwx 2 bin 272 Jul 18 09:19 tmp -rw-rw-rw- 1 root 28684 Jul 18 09:18 unix drwxrwxr-x 14 bin 224 May 13 20:16 usr # sync # # Enter ctrl-E again Simulation stopped, PC: 016022 (SOB R4,15746) sim> q Goodbye Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id OAA22539 for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 14:22:41 +1100 (EST) >From Dave Horsfall <dave(a)fgh.geac.com.au> Fri Jan 22 13:18:36 1999 Received: from caveman.geac.com.au (caveman.geac.com.au [203.30.73.2]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with SMTP id OAA22534 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 14:22:33 +1100 (EST) Received: (qmail 9283 invoked from network); 22 Jan 1999 03:23:13 -0000 Received: from brane.geac.com.au (202.6.67.115) by caveman.geac.com.au with SMTP; 22 Jan 1999 03:23:13 -0000 Received: from fgh.geac.com.au by brane.geac.com.au with smtp\n (Smail3.1.29.1 #3) id m103X6K-0002fpC; Fri, 22 Jan 99 14:17 AEDT Received: from localhost (dave@localhost) by fgh.geac.com.au (SMI-8.X/SVR4) with ESMTP id OAA06957; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 14:18:37 +1100 Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1999 14:18:36 +1100 (EST) From: Dave Horsfall <dave(a)fgh.geac.com.au> X-Sender: dave@fgh To: "Erin W. Corliss" <erin(a)coffee.corliss.net> cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Subject: Re: Memory Management In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.3.96.990121163113.412A-100000(a)coffee.corliss.net> Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.03.9901221417120.3559-100000@fgh> X-No-Archive: Yes X-Witty-Saying: "Tesseract - Enter at own risk" X-Disclaimer: "Me, speak for us?" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk On Thu, 21 Jan 1999, Erin W. Corliss wrote: > The documentation that Warren gave me describes the memory management > scheme. It says that when the machine is first started, the memory > management unit is disabled -- anyone know how to enable it, and where the > segmentation registers are (I'm assuming they are in the 0160000-0177777 > range somewhere)? I'll check my PDP-11 manuals when I get home; if I have a spare one I'll send it to you. What was the model again? An 11/70 or something? -- Dave Horsfall VK2KFU dave(a)geac.com.au Ph: +61 2 9978-7493 Fx: +61 2 9978-7422 Geac Computers P/L (FGH Division) 2/57 Christie St, St Leonards 2065, Australia Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id TAA23450 for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 19:13:47 +1100 (EST)

26 years

UNIX V6.TAPE

by alejandro gonzalez

Can anyone point me to instructions on getting the tape in: Ken_Wellsch_v6 up and running on Supnik's Simulator? I have been trying some things, and when it gives me the '=' prompt, anything i type makes the program freeze. Any help would be appreciated. ********************************* Alejandro Gonzalez HPDRC Research Assistant NASA Regional Application Center agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu ********************************* Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id JAA16173 for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:14:40 +1100 (EST) >From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Thu Jan 21 08:15:24 1999 Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.oz.au [131.236.21.158]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id JAA16167 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:14:27 +1100 (EST) Received: (from wkt@localhost) by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id JAA08028; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:15:24 +1100 (EST) (envelope-from wkt) From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Message-Id: <199901202215.JAA08028(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Subject: Re: UNIX V6.TAPE In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9901201708340.26596-100000(a)dizzy.cs.fiu.edu> from alejandro gonzalez at "Jan 20, 1999 5:10:51 pm" To: agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu (alejandro gonzalez) Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:15:24 +1100 (EST) Cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk In article by alejandro gonzalez: > > Can anyone point me to instructions on getting the tape in: Ken_Wellsch_v6 > up and running on Supnik's Simulator? I have been trying some things, and > when it gives me the '=' prompt, anything i type makes the program freeze. > > Any help would be appreciated. Have a look at the 6th Edition installation instructions at: http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/PUPS/Setup/v6_setup.html Cheers, Warren Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id JAA16308 for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:46:46 +1100 (EST) >From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Thu Jan 21 08:47:37 1999 Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.oz.au [131.236.21.158]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id JAA16298 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:46:32 +1100 (EST) Received: (from wkt@localhost) by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id JAA08078; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:47:37 +1100 (EST) (envelope-from wkt) From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Message-Id: <199901202247.JAA08078(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Subject: Early UNIX dates To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au (Unix Heritage Society) Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:47:37 +1100 (EST) Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk All, After some reading though papers and books, I've come up with the following brief timeline of very early UNIX development. I just thought some of you might find it interesting. Warren Early dates of UNIX Development As accurately as we can tell, anyway! References given where possible. 1969 Unknown: Ken creates `Space Travel'. It was first written on Multics, then transliterated into Fortran for GECOS, then Ken and Dennis rewrote Space Travel to run on the PDP-7 [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html] Mid-year: Bell Labs withdraws from the Multics project [QCU pg 8] April, May, June: Ken is interested in writing a file system [QCU pg 8] Mid-year: Ken brings the file system to life on the PDP-7 in a month [QCU pg 10] Unknown: Ken develops the B language [QCU pg 34], [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/chist.html] 1970 Unknown: Peter Neumann coins the term `Unics', which is subsequently changed to `Unix' [QCU pg 9] Unknown: Alternatively, Brian Kernighan suggests the name `Unix' [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html] Mid-year: The PDP-11/20 is purchased, with no disk drives [QCU pg 35], [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html] 3 months later: The disks arrive [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/chist.html] Unknown: Ken recodes the Unix kernel and some commands in PDP-11 assembly code [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/chist.html] 1971 January-March: PDP-11 version largely rewritten during this period [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/notes.html] February: PDP-11 Unix beccomes ``operational'' [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/cacm.html] Unknown: Dennis extends B to be NB [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/chist.html] Spring: roff rewritten in PDP-11 assembler language, starting from the PDP-7 version that had been transliterated from McIlroy's BCPL version on Multics, which had in turn been inspired by J. Saltzer's runoff program on CTSS [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html] November: First Edition manuals were published [QCU pg 43] 1972 January: The Labs issues a technical memorandum, written by Ken, describing the B language on the PDP-11 [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/kbman.html] March: First manual for cc(1) [QCU pg 48] March: UNIX is running on at least 5 PDP-11/20s [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/notes.html] June: DEC starts to ship the PDP-11/45. The Labs purchases one sonn after this [http://www.village.org/pdp11/faq.pages/11model.html] June: Second Edition manuals were published. 10 UNIX installations [QCU pg 43] Unknown: Ken adds pipes to the assembly-language version of the kernel [QCU pg 51], [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html] 1973 January: the `nsys' kernel in the PUPS archive, written in C [timestamps on the files] February: Third Edition manuals were published. 16 UNIX installations [QCU pg 43] Kernel is still the assembly-language version [private email from dmr dated 7 Jan 1999] September: The C version of the kernel is adopted over the assembly-language version [private email from dmr dated 18 Jan 1999] October: First UNIX paper, presented by Ken at the Fourth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/cacm.html] November: Fourth Edition manuals were published [QCU pg 43] 1974 June: Fifth Edition manuals were published [QCU pg 43] July: Ken's SOSP published in Communications of the ACM, 17, No. 7 [http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/cacm.html] Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id LAA16677 for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 11:59:04 +1100 (EST) >From Greg Lehey <grog(a)lemis.com> Thu Jan 21 10:58:47 1999 Received: from allegro.lemis.com (allegro.lemis.com [192.109.197.134]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id LAA16672 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 11:58:54 +1100 (EST) Received: from freebie.lemis.com (freebie.lemis.com [192.109.197.137]) by allegro.lemis.com (8.9.1/8.9.0) with ESMTP id LAA13907; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 11:28:48 +1030 (CST) Received: (from grog@localhost) by freebie.lemis.com (8.9.2/8.9.0) id LAA18399; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 11:28:47 +1030 (CST) Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 11:28:47 +1030 From: Greg Lehey <grog(a)lemis.com> To: Mike Jenkins <mjenkins(a)carp.gbr.epa.gov> Cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au, wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au Subject: Re: Old pic of ken and dmr Message-ID: <19990121112846.N15785(a)freebie.lemis.com> References: <199901200346.OAA06481(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> <199901201649.KAA08238(a)carp.gbr.epa.gov> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii X-Mailer: Mutt 0.95.1i In-Reply-To: <199901201649.KAA08238(a)carp.gbr.epa.gov>; from Mike Jenkins on Wed, Jan 20, 1999 at 10:49:27AM -0600 WWW-Home-Page: http://www.lemis.com/~grog Organization: LEMIS, PO Box 460, Echunga SA 5153, Australia Phone: +61-8-8388-8286 Fax: +61-8-8388-8725 Mobile: +61-41-739-7062 Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk On Wednesday, 20 January 1999 at 10:49:27 -0600, Mike Jenkins wrote: >> http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/PUPS/Images/ken-and-den.jpg > > There is a smaller (26K) gif version on the following page: > > http://www.lucent.com/museum/1969unix.html > > The URL for the gif is: > > http://www.lucent.com/museum/images/1950/1969rt.gif The original .jpeg could do with re-saving; with xv you can get it down to 10% of the original volume. Greg -- See complete headers for address, home page and phone numbers finger grog(a)lemis.com for PGP public key Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id MAA16767 for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 12:28:50 +1100 (EST) >From alejandro gonzalez <agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu> Thu Jan 21 11:28:31 1999 Received: from ferret.cs.fiu.edu (ferret.cs.fiu.edu [131.94.125.231]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id MAA16762 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 12:28:41 +1100 (EST) Received: from sdb1.cs.fiu.edu (sdb1.cs.fiu.edu [131.94.131.15]) by ferret.cs.fiu.edu (8.9.1/FIU-CS-1.1) with ESMTP id UAA07861; Wed, 20 Jan 1999 20:28:31 -0500 (EST) Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 20:28:31 -0500 (EST) From: alejandro gonzalez <agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu> To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Subject: Re: UNIX V6.TAPE In-Reply-To: <199901202215.JAA08028(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9901202027130.10646-100000(a)sdb1.cs.fiu.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk I have been following these instructions, the problem comes up when I get the '=' prompt. I type: "tmrk", it just freezes. Thanks for the help, Alex ********************************* Alejandro Gonzalez HPDRC Research Assistant NASA Regional Application Center agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu ********************************* On Thu, 21 Jan 1999, Warren Toomey wrote: > In article by alejandro gonzalez: > > > > Can anyone point me to instructions on getting the tape in: Ken_Wellsch_v6 > > up and running on Supnik's Simulator? I have been trying some things, and > > when it gives me the '=' prompt, anything i type makes the program freeze. > > > > Any help would be appreciated. > > Have a look at the 6th Edition installation instructions at: > > http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/PUPS/Setup/v6_setup.html > > Cheers, > Warren > Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id OAA17122 for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:50:09 +1100 (EST) >From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Thu Jan 21 13:50:59 1999 Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.oz.au [131.236.21.158]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id OAA17117 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:50:00 +1100 (EST) Received: (from wkt@localhost) by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id OAA09253; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:50:59 +1100 (EST) (envelope-from wkt) From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Message-Id: <199901210350.OAA09253(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Subject: Re: UNIX V6.TAPE In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9901202027130.10646-100000(a)sdb1.cs.fiu.edu> from alejandro gonzalez at "Jan 20, 1999 8:28:31 pm" To: agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu (alejandro gonzalez) Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 14:50:59 +1100 (EST) Cc: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au, pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk In article by alejandro gonzalez: > > Can anyone point me to instructions on getting the tape in: Ken_Wellsch_v6 > up and running on Supnik's Simulator? I have been trying some things, and > when it gives me the '=' prompt, anything i type makes the program freeze. > > I have been following these instructions, the problem comes up when I > get the '=' prompt. I type: "tmrk", it just freezes. The 6th Ed installation instructions say: The tape contains 12100 512-byte records followed by a single file mark. Have you made the tape image for Bob Supnik's emulator to match this, and what configuration file are you giving to the emulator? Thanks, Warren P.S You can use the RK05 disk image in Distributions/research/Dennis_v6/v6root.gz, or the RL02 image in Bootable_Images/v6_rl02_unknown.gz, unless you really do want to install V6 from tape. Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id RAA17833 for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 17:28:42 +1100 (EST) >From Tom Ivar Helbekkmo <tih(a)Hamartun.Priv.NO> Thu Jan 21 15:23:56 1999 Received: from hesiod.nhh.no (hesiod.nhh.no [158.37.96.15]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id RAA17827 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 17:28:30 +1100 (EST) Received: from athene.nhh.no (athene.nhh.no [158.37.96.16]) by hesiod.nhh.no (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id HAA28828; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 07:28:18 +0100 (CET) Received: from Hamartun.Priv.NO (Uhamartu@localhost) by athene.nhh.no (8.8.8/8.8.8) with UUCP id HAA03794; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 07:20:14 +0100 (CET) Received: (from tih@localhost) by barsoom.Hamartun.Priv.NO (8.8.8/8.8.8) id GAA07716; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 06:23:58 +0100 (CET) To: alejandro gonzalez <agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu> Cc: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au, pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Subject: Re: UNIX V6.TAPE References: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9901202027130.10646-100000(a)sdb1.cs.fiu.edu> From: Tom Ivar Helbekkmo <tih(a)Hamartun.Priv.NO> Date: 21 Jan 1999 06:23:56 +0100 In-Reply-To: alejandro gonzalez's message of "Wed, 20 Jan 1999 20:28:31 -0500 (EST)" Message-ID: <8667a1ci6r.fsf(a)barsoom.Hamartun.Priv.NO> X-Mailer: Gnus v5.6.44/Emacs 19.34 Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk alejandro gonzalez <agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu> writes: > I have been following these instructions, the problem comes up when > I get the '=' prompt. I type: "tmrk", it just freezes. You're following the wrong instructions. :-) Or, at least, you're taking them too literally. You're trying to use the tape the way it would be done on a real machine, but it's much easier to just split it into disk images under the host UNIX. Looking in my V6 directory, I've got a text file containing something that I believe Warren wrote, in a text file accompanying the tape image: "This is a copy of the Sixth Edition distribution tape which was sent to me by Ken Wellsch. The file v6.tape.gz is the tape image, with the first 100 512-byte tape blocks containing tape bootstrap stuff. Blocks 100 - 4099 are the RK05 root image, blocks 4100 - 8099 are the /usr RK05 image, and the blocks 8100 - 12099 are the /doc RK05 image." So what I did with that tape, for Bob Supnik's PDP-11 simulator, was to run these commands under the host UNIX: % gunzip v6.tape.gz % dd if=v6.tape of=v6.root.rk05 count=4000 skip=100 % dd if=v6.tape of=v6.usr.rk05 count=4000 skip=4100 % dd if=v6.tape of=v6.doc.rk05 count=4000 skip=8100 Then, I made a script file for the simulator: % cat > v6.script attach rk0 V6.root.rk05 attach rk1 V6.usr.rk05 attach rk2 V6.doc.rk05 boot rk0 ^d % ...and finally, I run the resulting system, thus: % pdp11 v6.script PDP-11 simulator V2.3 @unix login: I may have had to modify something in the actual UNIX V6 system to mount rk1 and rk2 properly -- I don't recall. You'll figure it out. Anyway, the system runs like a charm, and I've successfully rebuilt the kernel from sources on it. Fun! Good luck! -tih -- Popularity is the hallmark of mediocrity. --Niles Crane, "Frasier" Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id RAA17828 for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 17:28:34 +1100 (EST) >From Tom Ivar Helbekkmo <tih(a)Hamartun.Priv.NO> Thu Jan 21 15:28:07 1999 Received: from hesiod.nhh.no (hesiod.nhh.no [158.37.96.15]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id RAA17821 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 17:28:22 +1100 (EST) Received: from athene.nhh.no (athene.nhh.no [158.37.96.16]) by hesiod.nhh.no (8.8.8/8.8.8) with ESMTP id HAA28825; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 07:28:17 +0100 (CET) Received: from Hamartun.Priv.NO (Uhamartu@localhost) by athene.nhh.no (8.8.8/8.8.8) with UUCP id HAA03795; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 07:20:14 +0100 (CET) Received: (from tih@localhost) by barsoom.Hamartun.Priv.NO (8.8.8/8.8.8) id GAA07720; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 06:28:10 +0100 (CET) To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au Cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au (Unix Heritage Society) Subject: Re: Old pic of ken and dmr References: <199901200346.OAA06481(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> From: Tom Ivar Helbekkmo <tih(a)Hamartun.Priv.NO> Date: 21 Jan 1999 06:28:07 +0100 In-Reply-To: Warren Toomey's message of "Wed, 20 Jan 1999 14:46:41 +1100 (EST)" Message-ID: <863e55chzs.fsf(a)barsoom.Hamartun.Priv.NO> X-Mailer: Gnus v5.6.44/Emacs 19.34 Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> writes: > Patrick Regan, from Bell Labs, has sent in a 2M jpg of > Ken and Dennis at the console of a PDP-11/20, around 1970. That's neat! I've got a very good print of it here (that huge Epson color inkjet printer we bought at work really does a good job with the expensive "photo quality" paper in it), and will frame it and hang it on the wall of my basement machine room in my home. However (and my ignorance is showing now, I know) who is whom in the picture? -tih -- Popularity is the hallmark of mediocrity. --Niles Crane, "Frasier" Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id CAA19503 for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 02:20:54 +1100 (EST) >From "emanuel stiebler" <emu(a)ecubics.com> Fri Jan 22 01:19:45 1999 Received: from biz1.mailsrvcs.net (biz1.gte.net [207.115.153.50]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id CAA19497 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 02:20:40 +1100 (EST) Received: from p2350 ([208.254.194.59]) by biz1.mailsrvcs.net (Post.Office MTA v3.1.2 release (PO203-101c) ID# 0-40549L5000S0) with ESMTP id AAA2583; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 09:20:33 -0600 From: "emanuel stiebler" <emu(a)ecubics.com> To: <wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au>, "Tom Ivar Helbekkmo" <tih(a)Hamartun.Priv.NO> Cc: "Unix Heritage Society" <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au> Subject: Re: Old pic of ken and dmr Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 08:19:45 -0700 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Priority: 3 X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1161 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Message-ID: <19990121152024.AAA2583@p2350> Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk Hi, ---------- > From: Tom Ivar Helbekkmo <tih(a)Hamartun.Priv.NO> > To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au > Cc: Unix Heritage Society <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au> > Subject: Re: Old pic of ken and dmr > Date: Wednesday, January 20, 1999 10:28 PM > on the wall of my basement machine room in my home. However (and my > ignorance is showing now, I know) who is whom in the picture? Dennis is the one with the glasses & beart ... ;-)) cheers, emu Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id EAA20117 for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 04:14:38 +1100 (EST) >From alejandro gonzalez <agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu> Fri Jan 22 03:14:02 1999 Received: from ferret.cs.fiu.edu (ferret.cs.fiu.edu [131.94.125.231]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id EAA20112 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 04:14:24 +1100 (EST) Received: from sdb1.cs.fiu.edu (sdb1.cs.fiu.edu [131.94.131.15]) by ferret.cs.fiu.edu (8.9.1/FIU-CS-1.1) with ESMTP id MAA04037; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 12:14:02 -0500 (EST) Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 12:14:02 -0500 (EST) From: alejandro gonzalez <agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu> To: Tom Ivar Helbekkmo <tih(a)Hamartun.Priv.NO> cc: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au, pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Subject: Re: UNIX V6.TAPE In-Reply-To: <8667a1ci6r.fsf(a)barsoom.Hamartun.Priv.NO> Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.05.9901211213500.18250-100000(a)sdb1.cs.fiu.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk Thanks a lot. It works now. ********************************* Alejandro Gonzalez HPDRC Research Assistant NASA Regional Application Center agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu ********************************* On 21 Jan 1999, Tom Ivar Helbekkmo wrote: > alejandro gonzalez <agonza24(a)cs.fiu.edu> writes: > > > I have been following these instructions, the problem comes up when > > I get the '=' prompt. I type: "tmrk", it just freezes. > > You're following the wrong instructions. :-) Or, at least, you're > taking them too literally. You're trying to use the tape the way it > would be done on a real machine, but it's much easier to just split it > into disk images under the host UNIX. Looking in my V6 directory, > I've got a text file containing something that I believe Warren wrote, > in a text file accompanying the tape image: > > "This is a copy of the Sixth Edition distribution tape which was sent > to me by Ken Wellsch. The file v6.tape.gz is the tape image, with the > first 100 512-byte tape blocks containing tape bootstrap stuff. Blocks > 100 - 4099 are the RK05 root image, blocks 4100 - 8099 are the /usr > RK05 image, and the blocks 8100 - 12099 are the /doc RK05 image." > > So what I did with that tape, for Bob Supnik's PDP-11 simulator, was > to run these commands under the host UNIX: > > % gunzip v6.tape.gz > % dd if=v6.tape of=v6.root.rk05 count=4000 skip=100 > % dd if=v6.tape of=v6.usr.rk05 count=4000 skip=4100 > % dd if=v6.tape of=v6.doc.rk05 count=4000 skip=8100 > > Then, I made a script file for the simulator: > > % cat > v6.script > attach rk0 V6.root.rk05 > attach rk1 V6.usr.rk05 > attach rk2 V6.doc.rk05 > boot rk0 > ^d > % > > ...and finally, I run the resulting system, thus: > > % pdp11 v6.script > PDP-11 simulator V2.3 > @unix > login: > > I may have had to modify something in the actual UNIX V6 system to > mount rk1 and rk2 properly -- I don't recall. You'll figure it out. > > Anyway, the system runs like a charm, and I've successfully rebuilt > the kernel from sources on it. Fun! > > Good luck! > > -tih > -- > Popularity is the hallmark of mediocrity. --Niles Crane, "Frasier" > Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id FAA20383 for pups-liszt; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 05:22:49 +1100 (EST) >From "Erin W. Corliss" <erin(a)coffee.corliss.net> Fri Jan 22 04:26:54 1999 Received: from coffee.corliss.net (erin(a)coffee.gta-tech.com.121.7.12.in-addr.arpa [12.7.121.245] (may be forged)) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id FAA20378 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Fri, 22 Jan 1999 05:22:35 +1100 (EST) Received: from localhost (erin@localhost) by coffee.corliss.net (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id KAA30600 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 10:26:54 -0800 Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1999 10:26:54 -0800 (PST) From: "Erin W. Corliss" <erin(a)coffee.corliss.net> To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Subject: here's a dumb question Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.3.96.990121101819.30461A-100000(a)coffee.corliss.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk OK, so I was at my ISP the other day and after a talk with the owner I walked home with a bunch of pieces from a microvax II, which I used to completely pimp out my PDP-11/73... One of the new pieces is a hard drive, which allows me to write assembly code with the RSTS/E Macro Assembler, write them to the hard drive, and boot the system up in non-RSTSish ways... I'm new to PDP-11 assembly language, however, and I don't have a really complete manual... The general purpose registers are all 16 bits. Addresses stored in these registers can only point to the first 32K words of memory. My PDP has a 512K words of memory. The only reference I've seen to this problem was one sentence in one of my manuals that says the rest of the memory can be addressed through "memory management". When it says this, does it mean that there is a separate memory management unit that I have to control to flip between pages or banks of memory, or are there extended registers in the CPU itself that allow me to do this? I crashed the machine the other day and I noticed that the monitor listed some registers that started with M... Could that be what these are for? (The computer claims to have 22-bit addressing, BTW.) -- Erin Corliss

26 years

Intruiging bits in the nsys kernel

by norman＠nose.cita.utoronto.ca

Some answers to Warren's queries: mknod(II) first shows up in the Fourth Edition; the manual entry is dated 8/5/73. (That having been typed in the US, presumably it means 5 Aug 1973.) getgid(II) shows in the same manual, but with an older date: 3/15/72. This is also the edition in which the documentation for stat(II) first admits a group ID as well as a user ID. Both my hazy memory (made worse by lack of sleep right now) and the clues in the manual suggest that 3e/4e was the period when the system was rewritten in C; e.g. 4e is the first to show C interfaces in section II, complete with structs as well as pure byte-offset descriptions for objects like that filled in by stat, though the structs are nameless, presumably because there were no standard header files yet. Evidently the file system upheaval occurred in the same period. Reading the description of the 3e file system, I see it has been too long since I've read it. A summary: Blocks 0 and 1 are the super-block, consisting of size of free-storage bitmap the map itself size of free-i-node map the map itself Block 2 begins the i-list; data blocks follow. I-nodes 1-40 are reserved for special (device) files, and don't appear in the map. I-node 41 is the root. I-nodes have flags, a link count, a userid, a 16-bit size, creation and modification times, and eight block pointers. Flag bits inclode `allocated', `large file' (the pointers are to indirect blocks), read and write permissions for user and other, set-userid, a single `executable' flag, a `directory' flag (if clear, regular file). BUGS Two blocks are not enough to handle the i- and free- storage maps for an RP02 disk pack, which contains around 10 million words. The 4e file system is more or less that in the more-familiar V6 system: Block 0 reserved for boot block Block 1 is the super-block: file-system and i-list sizes, caches of free block and i-node numbers. The free-block list is now the familiar chain of blocks list free block numbers; the free-inode list is abolished because the i-nodes all have `allocated' flags anyway. Block 2 begins the i-list. I-node 1 is the root. I-nodes differ from 3e in having a group ID,a 24-bit size, access time instead of creation time; the `directory' flag becomes a two-bit `file type' flag; group permissions appear, there are three separate `executable' flags, and set-group-ID appears. No BUGS yet, perhaps because the code was new. Notice how history repeats: 4e replaced the free-block bitmap with a list, which made it simpler to cope with huge file systems but harder to allocate blocks in a simpler order; sundry replacement file systems in the early 1980s (Berkeley FFS, Weinberger's cheap hacks in V8) restored the bitmap, because it's easier to pick a good block when you can see all the blocks available, and because by then computers had enough memory and disks were big enough that a large bitmap wasn't a burden. An anecdote may be (barely) relevant here. I remember once in the late 1980s having a chat with Lee McMahon about group IDs, and how they didn't seem to have done quite what people wanted (hence the multiple-groups-per-process stuff in most current systems, and the special semantics for the set-group-id flag on directories, and various other features that have seemed to me never to quite hit the mark). Lee told me that when Ken first put group IDs into the system, he asked Ken what they were for. Ken allegedly shrugged and said `I dunno.' Norman Wilson Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id DAA15137 for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 03:49:52 +1100 (EST) >From Mike Jenkins <mjenkins(a)carp.gbr.epa.gov> Thu Jan 21 02:49:27 1999 Received: from carp.gbr.epa.gov (carp.gbr.epa.gov [204.46.159.110]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id DAA15131 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 03:49:37 +1100 (EST) Received: (from mjenkins@localhost) by carp.gbr.epa.gov (8.8.8/8.8.8) id KAA08238; Wed, 20 Jan 1999 10:49:27 -0600 (CST) (envelope-from mjenkins) Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 10:49:27 -0600 (CST) From: Mike Jenkins <mjenkins(a)carp.gbr.epa.gov> Message-Id: <199901201649.KAA08238(a)carp.gbr.epa.gov> To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au Subject: Re: Old pic of ken and dmr Cc: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au In-Reply-To: <199901200346.OAA06481(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk > http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/PUPS/Images/ken-and-den.jpg There is a smaller (26K) gif version on the following page: http://www.lucent.com/museum/1969unix.html The URL for the gif is: http://www.lucent.com/museum/images/1950/1969rt.gif Mike

26 years

Intruiging bits in the nsys kernel

by Warren Toomey

In article by Eric Fischer: > Congratulations on getting the nsys kernel running! I have > a couple of random comments on what you posted to the list: > > > Syscalls in `nsys' but not in V5: > > --------------------------------- > > 1, &quit, /* 26 = quit */ > > 1, &intr, /* 27 = intr */ > > 1, &cemt, /* 29 = cemt */ > > 1, &ilgins, /* 33 = ilgins */ > > 1, &fpe, /* 40 = fpe */ > > > > These deliver signals QUIT, INTR, EMT, INS or FPE > > to the pid in arg0. Any user can send these signals. > > I think this is backwards -- these system calls don't deliver > signals, they trap them. That is, they're the predecessors > of signal(), not kill(). Eric is quite correct, and I realised this after reading some comments on the V2 kernel. The nsys kernel also has a sig() system call which allows a process to trap an arbitrary signal. This is why the syscalls above were removed: there was a more general system call available. > > > Syscalls in V5 but not in `nsys': > > --------------------------------- > > 0, &getpid, /* 20 = getpid */ > > 1, &smdate, /* 30 = smdate */ > > 0, &nice, /* 34 = nice */ > > 0, &pipe, /* 42 = pipe */ !!! > > 4, &profil, /* 44 = prof */ > > This part seems really weird. Since it has fpe() but not nice() and > pipe(), that would have to mean it's somewhere intermediate between > v2 and v3, at least if the details in Doug McIlroy's "Research Unix > Reader" are all accurate. And I *really* don't understand why there > would be space reserved in the system call table for nice and pipe > but no implementations of the functions. > > The other weird part is that McIlroy says that smdate() was in v1 > through v3 but disappeared after that. I don't have the v5 kernel > source at hand right now, so I can't check up on that, but it's > strange that smdate should be missing here if this is an early v3. > > Actually, on further inspection this must be a *late* v3, since it > has mknod(), getgid(), and setgid(), which aren't supposed to have > shown up until v4. (No signal(), though, so it's not quite v4.) > That's still very odd that pipes would be left out, unless this > version was crunched to run in an especially small memory or something. > > And yet, v3 was supposed to have been released in February, 1973, and > this is earlier than that, so what are any v4 features doing there at > all? This just gets stranger and stranger... > eric I've had some chat with Dennis about this kernel, and how it fitted into development. The summary is: Ken tried to rewrite the assembly version of the kernel in B (or NB) in 1972, but gave up because structures didn't exist. Once B -> NB -> C and got structures, they tried again. Apparently, the `new' kernel (aka nsys) was developed in parallel with the `old' assembly kernel during early to mid-1973. Then, Dennis says: I'm pretty sure that we didn't adopt [the C version of the kernel] as the standard "production" system until about September 1973. It is very likely that the real "sys" was still in assembler. Pipes were probably added first to [the sys] version, given the evidence in "nsys." Dennis also says: During 1972, Ken finally puts pipes into Unix at McIlroy's urging. which would explain why there is a reserved syscall in `nsys', but no code as yet. I can't explain the existence of the mknod(), getgid(), and setgid() system calls. Norman and Bob Keys, I think one/both of you have got the old manuals, can you look through them and find out when these syscalls appeared? Cheers all, Warren Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id OAA12788 for pups-liszt; Wed, 20 Jan 1999 14:45:43 +1100 (EST) >From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Wed Jan 20 13:46:41 1999 Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.oz.au [131.236.21.158]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id OAA12783 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Wed, 20 Jan 1999 14:45:35 +1100 (EST) Received: (from wkt@localhost) by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id OAA06481 for pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au; Wed, 20 Jan 1999 14:46:41 +1100 (EST) (envelope-from wkt) From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Message-Id: <199901200346.OAA06481(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Subject: Old pic of ken and dmr To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au (Unix Heritage Society) Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 14:46:41 +1100 (EST) Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk All, Patrick Regan, from Bell Labs, has sent in a 2M jpg of Ken and Dennis at the console of a PDP-11/20, around 1970. It's at: http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/PUPS/Images/ken-and-den.jpg Ciao, Warren Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id CAA14984 for pups-liszt; Thu, 21 Jan 1999 02:45:02 +1100 (EST)

26 years

James Lothian's /usr/src tarball

by mxs46＠k2.scl.cwru.edu

Dear PUPS/TUHS members, I have just uploaded James Lothian's /usr/src tarball. You can find it in the Distributions/4bsd/thirdparty/UWisc4.3/James_Lothian_mods directory in the PUPS archive. Sincerely, Michael Sokolov Phone: 440-449-0299 ARPA Internet SMTP mail: mxs46(a)k2.scl.cwru.edu

26 years

University of Wisconsin's hacked 4.3BSD

by mxs46＠k2.scl.cwru.edu

Dear PUPS/TUHS members, I have just uploaded the distribution images for the University of Winconsin's hacked 4.3BSD contributed by James Lothian. You can find them in the Distributions/4bsd/thirdparty/UWisc4.3 directory in the PUPS archive. I haven't uploaded James' own changed /usr/src yet, will probably do it later at night. Sincerely, Michael Sokolov Phone: 440-449-0299 ARPA Internet SMTP mail: mxs46(a)k2.scl.cwru.edu Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id NAA06758 for pups-liszt; Tue, 19 Jan 1999 13:07:24 +1100 (EST) >From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Tue Jan 19 12:08:22 1999 Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.oz.au [131.236.21.158]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id NAA06753 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Tue, 19 Jan 1999 13:07:17 +1100 (EST) Received: (from wkt@localhost) by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id NAA02324 for pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au; Tue, 19 Jan 1999 13:08:22 +1100 (EST) (envelope-from wkt) From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Message-Id: <199901190208.NAA02324(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Subject: Co-authors for Unix history paper? To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au (Unix Heritage Society) Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 13:08:22 +1100 (EST) Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk Hi all, I recently approached the IEEE Annals of Computing History journal to see if they would be interested in a paper on our efforts to find and preserve the old versions of Unix. They said yes, so I was wondering if anybody might want to be co-author. This is what I suggested: > I'd like to write an article which describes the efforts to find and > preserve historical material which is related to UNIX. This includes > finding tapes, reading them, decoding their formats etc. > > The article would also discuss the mechanisms available for running > these old UNIX systems: by using old hardware (and the difficulties > of maintaining such equipment), by using software emulators (and > possibly a discussion of what they provide). > > In other words, the actual history of UNIX and its influence would not > be covered, but the `archaeology' and preservation of artifacts from > the early days of UNIX would be. Given that there are people on the list who deal with old hardware, reading ancient tapes, etc., I thought they might like to add some input to the paper. I think the paper size is limited to around 25-30 pages, and has be formal in tone. If anybody has any suggestions as to what should go in (or even wants to write a section), then I would welcome some email! Cheers all, Warren P.S I'm giving a similar, but much more informal, paper at a local conference next month. The paper is at: http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/Seminars/Saving_Unix/ Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id TAA08164 for pups-liszt; Tue, 19 Jan 1999 19:33:12 +1100 (EST)

26 years

Quasijarus Project Status Report

by mxs46＠k2.scl.cwru.edu

Dear PUPS/TUHS members, I have just finished SCCS-reconstructing /usr/src/sys. Amazingly (and to CSRG's credit) the history has been preserved very well, and I have SCCS-recostructed almost every file in the kernel. There are only a few lost SCCS files. For the list see: http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/Quasijarus/sccs.html If you know anything about these files, please contact me ASAP! Also when I SCCS-reconstructed the /usr/src/sys/tahoe* subdirs, I had to take a step back. In the currently shipping release, 4.3BSD-Quasijarus0, these subdirs are identical to the ones on the 4.3BSD-Tahoe+HCX-9 tape. However, in the current master source tree they have been stepped back to the original 4.3BSD-Tahoe tape. For the explanation of this decision, see: http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/Quasijarus/arch.html Sincerely, Michael Sokolov Cellular phone: 216-217-2579 ARPA Internet SMTP mail: mxs46(a)k2.scl.cwru.edu Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id OAA22468 for pups-liszt; Fri, 15 Jan 1999 14:50:07 +1100 (EST) >From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Fri Jan 15 13:51:04 1999 Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.oz.au [131.236.21.158]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id OAA22456 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Fri, 15 Jan 1999 14:49:58 +1100 (EST) Received: (from wkt@localhost) by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id OAA21707 for pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au; Fri, 15 Jan 1999 14:51:04 +1100 (EST) (envelope-from wkt) From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Message-Id: <199901150351.OAA21707(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Subject: Success in Compiling Nsys Kernel To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au (Unix Heritage Society) Date: Fri, 15 Jan 1999 14:51:04 +1100 (EST) Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk All, After several days of frustration and enlightenment, I have been able to compile and boot the `nsys' kernel source code on top of a 5th Edition RK05 root filesystem. The `nsys' kernel code corresponds to a time around the 3rd Edition of UNIX, i.e. Jan 1973. Dennis Ritchie donated this to the PUPS Archive a few days ago. I have placed the modifications to `nsys', plus some documentation, in the PUPS Archive in Distributions/research/Dennis_v3. Cheers all, Warren Received: (from major@localhost) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id QAA22804 for pups-liszt; Fri, 15 Jan 1999 16:19:14 +1100 (EST) >From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Fri Jan 15 15:20:12 1999 Received: from henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (henry.cs.adfa.oz.au [131.236.21.158]) by minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id QAA22798 for <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au>; Fri, 15 Jan 1999 16:19:07 +1100 (EST) Received: (from wkt@localhost) by henry.cs.adfa.edu.au (8.9.1/8.9.1) id QAA22113 for pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au; Fri, 15 Jan 1999 16:20:12 +1100 (EST) (envelope-from wkt) From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Message-Id: <199901150520.QAA22113(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Subject: Re: Success in Compiling Nsys Kernel In-Reply-To: <01be4045$e3b28080$f2681081(a)collinse-home.tyson.com> from Efton Collins at "Jan 14, 1999 11: 8:35 pm" To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au (Unix Heritage Society) Date: Fri, 15 Jan 1999 16:20:12 +1100 (EST) Reply-To: wkt(a)cs.adfa.oz.au X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4ME+ PL43 (25)] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au Precedence: bulk In article by Efton Collins: > I wonder how long it has been since that version of the kernel ran? Could be > 25 years. Surely that will now be the earliest bootable kernel bar none. It > must give Ken and Dennis a smile. > > It is nice to see such interesting things continue to find their way into > the archive. With the help of so many of the pioneers PUPS is fulfilling its > charter very well indeed. > > E- Hi Efton. I had been keeping Dennis informed of my progress, and a few days ago he passed on some email from Bob Keys: [Dennis wrote:] Keys said (when I mentioned your tries) > Ohhh, neato! Let us keep fingers crossed, knock on wood 3 times, > cow-tow as appropriate, rub the rabbit's foot, throw salt before > the sumo ring, .... and anything else?.....(:+}}.... Dennis then went on to suggest some debugging ideas, when I was stuck: Astonishing. When booting it might be best to start with an init that just does open(something); open(something); write(1, "Hello\n", 6); It might even be appropriate to try first with just abort(); to see if /etc/init can be read, He must be out today, because I haven't got a reply back from my email indicating success. The `nsys' files were dated Jan 22, 1973. I definitely wanted to get the kernel working by Jan 22, 1999 so that it was only 25 years ago, not 26! I've also made some notes about the differences between `nsys' and V5, attached below. Thanks for your encouraging email. Cheers, Warren Differences in available syscalls between `nsys' and V5. ======================================================== Syscalls in `nsys' but not in V5: --------------------------------- 1, &quit, /* 26 = quit */ 1, &intr, /* 27 = intr */ 1, &cemt, /* 29 = cemt */ 1, &ilgins, /* 33 = ilgins */ 1, &fpe, /* 40 = fpe */ These deliver signals QUIT, INTR, EMT, INS or FPE to the pid in arg0. Any user can send these signals. 0, &prproc /* 63 = special */ For each of the 50 entries in the proc array, if there is a valid process entry there, print the array index and the following fields from the proc structure: p_stat, p_flag, p_pid, p_ppid, p_addr, p_size, p_wchan, p_textp Syscalls in V5 but not in `nsys': --------------------------------- 0, &getpid, /* 20 = getpid */ 1, &smdate, /* 30 = smdate */ 0, &nice, /* 34 = nice */ 0, &pipe, /* 42 = pipe */ !!! 4, &profil, /* 44 = prof */ Other Differences ----------------- /* 21 = mount */ has 2 arguments in `nsys', 3 in V5 /* 37 = kill */ has 0 arguments in `nsys', 1 in V5

26 years

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