On Mon, Jan 16, 2017, at 06:26, Angelo Papenhoff wrote:
I don't think it's the context switching in
general that we're not
expected to understand, since it's pretty much the same in v7 but the
comment is gone. Dmr actually explained the problem on his website
(
https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/odd.html) savu is used to save
the current call stack, retu is used to switch to a saved call stack.
The problem is that the function which did the savu was not necessarily
the same as the function that does the retu, so after retu the function
could have the call stack of a different function. As dmr explained,
this worked with the PDP-11 compiler but not with the interdata
compiler. In V7 the stack switching was moved into separate functions,
save and resume. save retured 0 and resume returned 1 so that an if
statement could be used to check if the return from save was actually
that of resume after the stack switch (the same trick as that of fork).
This way the code that was to be executed after a stack switch was in
the same function and stack frame as the one that did the save (as
opposed to swtch).
My impression was that the 'magic' part was that it relied on the C both
process's stacks containing registers saved by the C function prologue
routine [csv, the kernel version can be found in conf/m*.s], and that
the return statement in swtch [which calls cret] restores those
registers. Ritchie alludes to this with "This worked on the PDP-11
because its compiler always used the same context-save mechanism; with
the Interdata compiler, the procedure return code differed depending on
which registers were saved. ", and, well, there's a reason the FreeBSD
cpu_switch function the article mentions is written in assembly rather
than C.
Note that Lions doesn't explain this either, he
assumed that the
difficulty was with with u_rsav and u_ssav, but those are still in v7
with the comment gone (he probably wasn't that wrong though, it really
is confusing, but it's just not what the comment refers to)
aap