But what did people use before grog and why was the
compilation line
never placed in a comment in the file?
The primary macro packages I see come up between Bell and UCB are man, ms, mm, and me.
Man of course finds use in the manual pages (although there are different representations
of manpages in nroff over time.) From what I've seen (someone who was there can
surely correct me) it seems that ms macros were more commonly used on the research side of
things while the mm macros proliferated more in the supported side. Finally the me macros
were a BSD component. Given these separations, the origin of or relative vicinity from
which a paper originates provides much context as to which macros may be present.
To a finer point, the papers published with V7 are ms macros papers while the new
additions in PWB lineages are mm macros, while some papers that crop up in BSD likely use
me (although I haven't gotten too far into BSD with doc research yet.) Papers from
UNIX consumers such as universities are likely in ms or me most of the time. On the flip
side, mm was the macro package touted with Documenter's Workbench, so many commercial
operations using System V for documentation would've produced documents in mm.
I'd be curious whether the earlier "Phototypesetter" package included ms or
mm (or both.) I don't think I've seen a "papers" set with both the
Lesk ms document and the Smith and Mashey mm one, so couldn't say how common both in
the same Bell offering were. Additionally, my research hasn't touched on any
officially sanctioned use of mm in BSD, so that's an area ripe for some more study.
As for other breadcrumbs, Bell mm macros papers do often include a comment at the top
indicating to print with nroff -mm or mm(1). I don't recall seeing similar in
research papers, but haven't necessarily gone looking. In any case, the paper sets
with UNIX itself typically had scripts included with the necessary command-lines, as many
papers additionally needed some eqn and/or tbl processing. I imagine any other such
formally distributed document sources would likewise include scripts in lieu of
commentary, but it depends.
- Matt G.