Aa for the questions of the UNIX-ness of X, it started
in Athena, which as
I understand it was supposed to be relatively OS-agnostic distributed
computing? In any case, the predecessor ran on a different OS, not sure how
significant that is to the genesis of what would be called X or what OS it
"started" on.
Athena was about scaling up Unix workstations. It was started with grants
from IBM and Digital. It was never OS-agnostic.
You can find a brief history of X at
https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/x-power-tools/9780596101954/ch01.html,
and the Wikipedia article on the X Window System is pretty good; reed the
"History" section.