Joerg Schilling:
BTW: UNOS has been sold to real customers from it's beginning. Was UNIX V8
available outside AT&T?
=====
I'm not sure what that has to do with anything. Which
of your body parts is so small as to make you insecure,
and which UNIX distributions are your body parts drawn
from?
To answer the question seriously, though: as I think I've
already explained here, Eighth Edition UNIX was available
under special per-site licensing (a letter agreement) to
educational institutions. I'm not sure what the official
criterion was: I helped make the tape, but wasn't involved
in the paperwork. I believe the total was about a dozen
places. A few of them did interesting work with the
system that was published e.g. at USENIX conferences
(Princeton comes to mind), but most I think never even
booted the system up. By then there were other members
of the UNIX family that were more comfortable for general
use, and people were more interested in the ideas than
in the code.
And of course we were a research group. We weren't making
things for customers. We were sharing our work, to the
extent the laywers and our own limited resources allowed.
That was the last time the Computing Science Research
Center attempted anything like a formal distribution.
Any `distributions' after that are just snapshots of
a constantly-evolving system.
Norman Wilson
Toronto ON
(Body parts not available on github. Sorry.)
> > Can you characterize what the 3rd-party material might be?
>
> Me personally, no. But there are others on the list who can help do this.
> Hopefully they will chime in!
Here's a list, gathered from the manuals, of stuff that Bell Labs
may not have the right to redistribute, with some (uncertain)
attributions of origin. I did not check to see which of them appear in
the TUHS archives; I doubt that /usr/src fully covered /bin and /usr/bin.
This list is at best a first draft. Please weigh in with corrections.
Doug
Kernel internet code. BSD
Imported commands
esterel INRIA
lisp, liszt, lxref MIT
icont, iconc Arizona
macsyma MIT
maple Maplesoft
Mail BSD
matlab Mathworks
more BSD (From the manpage: "More, a paginator that lives up to its name, has
too many features to describe." Its prodigality has been eclipsed by "less".)
netnews Duke
ops5 CMU
pascal, pc BSD
pxp BSD
readnews, checknews, postnews Duke
sdb BSD
smp Wolfram
spitbol IIT
telnet BSD
tex Stanford
tset BSD
vi, ex, edit BSD
Commands I'm not sure about, could be from Bell Labs
cyntax
news
ropy
strings
Library functions
termcap BSD
Imported games
adventure, zork, aarvark, rogue
atc
doctor MIT
mars
trek, ogre, sol, warp, sail
Games I'm not sure about
back
boggle, hangman
cribbage, fish
ching
gebam
imp
mille
pacman
pengo
swar
tso
Joerg Schilling:
Interesting that they created a name clash:
"p" was the name of a pager on UNOS, the first realtime
UNIX lookalike from former AT&T employees.
=====
p was something Rob Pike brought when he arrived in
1980. I believe he wrote its first version several
years earlier, when he was at the University of Toronto.
Since UNOS dates from 1981 (says Wikipedia), I think
Rob's p gets precedence.
Not that it matters. There never was, nor should there
ever have been, some global register of UNIX command
names during its formative years. UNIX was a research
platform and a living work-in-progress until it became
productized in the latter part of the 1980s.
And, of course, UNOS was a lookalike written from scratch.
It wasn't UNIX. If it wanted to be, it should have
adopted Rob's p!
Norman Wilson
Toronto ON
(Not in a particularly serious mood)
> Does someone have a more complete distribution of the Ninth Edition
>From the README and file dates, it is clear that what tuhs has had
evolved considerably from the Research system described in the
v9 manual. It had been ported to Sun and outfitted with X11. Some
lacunae are attributable to the absence of /bin shell scripts;
many things were apparently pruned as being of no interest to
the installation at hand.
It should be borne in mind that there never was such a thing
as a "distribution" of v8, v9, or v10. The manuals described
the Research computing environment, not a package prepared
for shipment. Responsibility for the latter had been taken
over by the Unix Support Group.
It would be interesting to have a precis of the provenance
of the system on view.
Doug
For the 99% of us that don’t have a SUN-3, it’ll run on TME. I followed the instructions on abiyo.net on installing SunOS 4.1.1 onto TME ( http://www.abiyo.net/retrocomputing/installingsunos411tosun3emulatedintme08… ), and then added in the v9.tar file, and walked through the instructions on bootstrapping v9 from SunOS.
I just cheated by copying the SunOS disk into a new scsi disk so I didn’t have to go through the fun of labeling it. TME emulates a SUN3-150 although the BIOS appears to be for a SUN3-160(?).. so the kernel unix.v75 will work when altering the proto0a file.
TME can be a little (lot!) touchy to get working, but with enough persistence you can get it booting the ‘funinthe’ v9 image.
Sent from Mail for Windows 10
I'll have to have a look at what's actually in the archive,
but it's important to understand that there was barely a
`distribution' of 8/e and never really any of subsequent
systems.
There was a distinct V8 tape, assembled mainly by Dennis
with some help from me, in the fall of 1984. It did not
exactly match the manuals that were printed, I think only
for internal use, a few months before. It was sent out
to about a dozen universities (and perhaps other sorts of
non-commercial places), with an individual letter agreement
with each destination to cover licensing.
Anything after that from the original Computing Science
Research Centre was effectively just random snapshots.
There was a Ninth Edition manual printed up, but it still
didn't really match the state of the system, partly
because nobody felt up to doing the all that work and
partly because various parts of the system were still
changing rapidly.
I remember personally making a few such snapshots at
various times, e.g. one for a certain university (again
under a one-off letter agreement), another for the
official UNIX System Labs folks in Summit (I took the
tape over there personally and helped get the system
running). I have no idea whether any of those is in
Warren's archives, and I don't remember whether anyone
else made any such snapshots, though my role in the group
by then was such that I'd probably have been involved.
The `V9 for Sun' distribution was done by someone from
one of our sister groups. He took a snapshot of our
system at some point and worked from that. There wasn't
any organized way to keep his stuff in sync with ours, and
I don't think his stuff got a lot of use in the long run
so there was little motivation to fix that.
All of that at least partly explains the skew between
system and manual pages; it was really like that. (Remember,
we were a research group, not a production computing
centre or a development shop.) Snapshots may have been
made hastily enough that some things were missed, too.
The 10/e manual came out in early 1990. It happened
because enough of us wanted to have a current manual
again, Doug was willing to take on the big task of
overall editing for Volume 1, and Andrew Hume was
energized to make Volume 2 happen--the first Volume 2
since the Seventh Edition. There was a lot of rewriting,
cleanup, merging of related entries, and discarding of
stuff we no longer used or no longer considered an
official part of the system. I remember that the first
printed copies arrived just in time for me to get one
before I left the wretched suburbs forever in June 1990.
Since I'd spent a lot of time working over the power-of-two
sections (2 4 8), I was pleased about that.
One thing that helped energize others about that manual,
by the way, was that I felt the parts I was responsible
for were way, way out of date, and that it was no longer
accurate for the system to call itself Ninth Edition
when it booted. But Edition always meant the manual,
so Tenth Edition would be wrong too. I made the boot
message say 9Vr2. I figured that would annoy people
enough to help convince them to help get a new manual
out. I have no data as to how big a help that was.
I don't know how many `V10 distributions' Warren has
at this point, but one of them is derived from a
snapshot I made during a visit to Bell Labs in 1994
or 1995. I had rescued some MicroVAXes before they
disappeared into dumpsters, and decided it would be
fun to set up a system or two running Research UNIX
for my private enjoyment. (I was working at a
university that had a letter agreement for 9/e--one
of the tapes I'd made, in fact--and a certain
department head at Bell Labs decided that as long
as I didn't spread the code around, that was probably
enough to keep lawyers happy.) I made rather a raw
snapshot of the root, /usr, and the whole master
source-code area, but with /etc/passwd trimmed of
any real passwords. Some years later (and with the
help of the resulting running systems) I made a
few tar images for Warren to keep in his secret
box pending the license issue (which we were discussing
even back then). I removed some stuff that didn't
belong to Bell Labs and wasn't really part of the
system (e.g. some big mathematical packages, a huge
bolus of X11 code that had never compiled and never
would), and segregated in a separate tar image some
stuff that was arguably part of the system but that
might technically belong to others (e.g. our workhorse
C compiler was based on pcc2, work scj had done over
at USG/USL after he'd left the Research world).
None of that was really curated either, and there had
certainly been further changes to the system since
the final 1990 manual was printed, not all of which
had been properly reflected in /usr/man.
So don't call those systems distributions, because
they're not. More important, don't expect them to be
fully coherent, because they aren't: they're snapshots,
not formal releases.
Norman Wilson
Toronto ON
