I've assembled some notes from old manuals and other sources
on the formats used for on-disk file systems through the
Seventh Edition:
http://www.cita.utoronto.ca/~norman/old-unix/old-fs.html
Additional notes, comments on style, and whatnot are welcome.
(It may be sensible to send anything in the last two categories
directly to me, rather than to the whole list.)
Apologies if this has been answered before, but I noticed
that there are AT&T copyright notices in the kernel sources
for Unix Edition 5, but they were removed in Edition 6. You can
still see the comment blocks for the notices in Edition 6, but
the notices themselves have been removed. Does anyone have the
history on this?
I noticed that USL registered Editions 5, 6, 7 and 32V in
1992. I would assume that Editions 4 and earlier are free
and clear because, prior to 1978, registration was a requirement
for protection. Further, since USL waited longer than 5 years
to register the copyrights for 5, 6, 7 and 32V, these may be
free and clear as well.
As I understand it, Editions 7 and 32V could have had copyright
protection without registration since they were released after
1978. However, because they lacked copyright notices when
released, they may very well be considered public domain. It was
not until 1989 that the requirement for including
copyright notices was dropped.
Larry J. Blunk:
Apologies if this has been answered before, but I noticed
that there are AT&T copyright notices in the kernel sources
for Unix Edition 5, but they were removed in Edition 6.
[...] I noticed that USL registered Editions 5, 6, 7 and 32V in
1992. I would assume that Editions 4 and earlier are free
and clear [...]
As I understand it, Editions 7 and 32V could have had copyright
protection without registration since they were released after
1978. However, because they lacked copyright notices when
released, they may very well be considered public domain. It was
not until 1989 that the requirement for including
copyright notices was dropped.
========
Notwithstanding other comments about the history, for practical purposes
none of this matters for Seventh Edition and 32V and anything earlier,
because Caldera (as it then was) open-licensed them in January 2002;
see http://www.tuhs.org/Archive/Caldera-license.pdf. To be precise,
that license covers
32-bit 32V UNIX
16 bit UNIX Versions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
with specific exclusion of System III and System V and successors.
That is why source code for the Seventh Edition system (for example)
is openly accessibly on the TUHS web server.
Among those whose dog work produced first a hobbyist-specific per-person
license, then the current BSD-like license, was Warren Toomey, who manages
that web server and this mailing list. I don't think it will give him
a swollen head (or a wooden leg) to thank him now and then, and I do so here.
Long-time readers know all that, but those who have joined us recently
might not.
Norman Wilson
Toronto ON
mamun
tks for the prompt reply but we need the rate to malaysia not to jeddah and
the rate must be break bulk because cntr will be very expensive. since each
shipment is about 15 000 tons (fifteen thousand tons) it means we'll need
about 700 cntrs !!! , and the contract will be about 150.000 tons divided
into 10 shipments of 15 000 each .
break bulk will be much cheaper , pls try to find some one else very
urgently try shipco people maybe they can do it.
pls mamun this is very important and top urgent , also I need reply
overnight as client is losing patience.
tks & rgs
zouhair
>From: mamun <mam_moudayfer(a)awalnet.net.sa>
>To: new_zmkm(a)hotmail.com
>Subject: Fw: RATE RQST FROM RIO JANERIO TO JEDDAH PORT
>Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2003 09:55:09 +0300
>
>Zouz
>
>Here is the reply fm brazil , as they can not offer service by Breakbulk.
>pls comments.
>Rgds/Mamun
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Alexandre Jacomo <alexandre(a)unicarrier.com.br>
>To: asad_moudayfer(a)awalnet.net.sa <asad_moudayfer(a)awalnet.net.sa>
>Date: Monday, December 22, 2003 10:01 PM
>Subject: RATE RQST FROM RIO JANERIO TO JEDDAH PORT
>
>
>Dear Mr Asad Moudayfer
>
>Thank you for your below rate request. Pls be advised our best rate:
>
>From Rio de Janeiro Port to Jeddah Port
>Cntr 20' std: US$ 2100 + $200 Baf
>Cntr 40' std: US$ 3100 + $400 Baf
>TT 45 days via Singapore
>Charges in Rio de Janeiro Port
>US$ 25 BL
>US$ 50 per cntr 20' or 40' Capatazias - Brazilian THC
>
>Break Bulk from Rio de Janeiro Port to Port Klang/Malaysia
>Unfortunately we can't offer this service, because we can't use our BL to
>Break Bulk cargo.
>
>Rgds,
>
>Alexandre Jácomo
> Commercial Dept.
> UnicarrieR Ltd. - The Friendshipper
> Tel.: 5511 3253 5334 Fax: 5511 3253 5277
> Email: alexandre(a)unicarrier.com.br
> Web: www.unicarrier.com.br
> Neutralidade - Segurança - Ética
>----- Original Message -----
>From: Asad
>To: Alexandre
>Sent: Monday, December 22, 2003 2:10 PM
>Subject: Fw: RATE RQST FROM RIO JANERIO TO JEDDAH PORT
>
>
>
>Dear Alexandre
>
>Ref to our mail below earlier few minutes.
>
>Please note, we want rates by Break-bulk from fob RIO JANERIO upto PORT
>KLANG/MALAYSIA
>COMMODITY : RAW SUGAR IN BAGS TOTAL 150 THOUSAND TON / 15 THOUSAND TONS IN
>EACH LOT.
>
>Please name the carrier & T/Time along with your best obtainable Bulk
>rates at your earliest.
>
>Best Regards
>
>Mamun
>Moudayfer & Bros co.
>Riyadh - Ksa
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Asad <asad_moudayfer(a)awalnet.net.sa>
>To: Alexandre <alexandre(a)unicarrier.com.br>
>Date: Monday, December 22, 2003 6:46 PM
>Subject: RATE RQST FROM RIO JANERIO TO JEDDAH PORT
>
>
>Dear Mr. Alexandre
>Good Day
>
>Please provide us your best possible FOB ocean freight rate for 1X40fit &
>1X20fit cntr from RIO JANERIO to Jeddah port. The commodity is sugar.
>
>We will appriceate about your soonest reply.
>
>Thanks & Best Regards
>
>Asad
>Moudayfer & Bros Co
>Riyadh
>K.s.a.
_________________________________________________________________
Working moms: Find helpful tips here on managing kids, home, work and
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Kenneth Stailey <kstailey(a)yahoo.com> wrote:
> Did stdio buffering change over time?
Line buffering was a Berkeley innovation. stdout became line-buffered by
default (when it is a terminal) in 4.0BSD. 4.2BSD added setlinebuf(3) to allow
people to make stdout or stderr line-buffered when they want to. 4.3BSD
extended it to work on any stream, not just stdout or stderr.
> If you look at an old BSD mkfs for cylinder-group style file systems (not 7th
> Ed filesystems)
Ahmm, you call that old? To me it's new... It's a (wonderful) 4.2BSD
innovation.
> but I have memories that the superblocks were printed out one at a time as if
> fflush(stdout) was called between them rather than one line at a time with
> line-buffered stdio.
I use 4.3BSD-* systems every day and have been for the past several years, and
you can take my word for it that on all 4.3BSD-* systems, including Quasijarus,
plain 4.3, and Ultrix the alternate superblock list output from mkfs/newfs
appears one line at a time on the tty.
> At some point I thought "SysV must have broke this"
I'm curious, where does SysV fit into this? It's the wonderful 4.2BSD
filesystem a BSD-only thing that Missed'em-five people treated as a satanic
manifestation?
> since newfs would print out
> a complete row of superblock numbers at once with a big delay between the rows
That's exactly what it does. BTW mkfs = newfs. mkfs was/is the original UNIX
filesystem creator. It was almost completely rewritten in 4.2BSD to create the
new filesystems. At the same time the newfs program was written as a user-
friendly front-end to mkfs (it merely exec'ed mkfs with a bunch of options).
The situation remained in 4.3. In 4.3-Tahoe/Quasijarus mkfs.c and newfs.c are
compiled and linked into one binary called newfs, CSRG was forced to do this in
order to support disk labels.
MS
> you will see the super block backup loop does not fflush(stdio) between
> printf()s
Was there a 'setbuf(stdout, NULL)' at the beginning? This would force immediate
output from any printf's (less efficient than a fflush)
Did stdio buffering change over time?
If you look at an old BSD mkfs for cylinder-group style file systems (not 7th
Ed filesystems) you will see the super block backup loop does not fflush(stdio)
between printf()s
printf("super-block backups (for fsck -b#) at:");
for (cylno = 0; cylno < sblock.fs_ncg; cylno++) {
initcg(cylno);
if (cylno % 10 == 0)
printf("\n");
printf(" %d,", fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)));
}
but I have memories that the superblocks were printed out one at a time as if
fflush(stdout) was called between them rather than one line at a time with
line-buffered stdio.
At some point I thought "SysV must have broke this" since newfs would print out
a complete row of superblock numbers at once with a big delay between the rows
rather than each superblock number with a short delay between each number.
But when I go searching the oldest BSD code has no fflush(stdout) the way
modern FreeBSD does:
for (cylno = 0; cylno < sblock.fs_ncg; cylno++) {
initcg(cylno, utime);
if (mfs)
continue;
j = snprintf(tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf), " %ld%s",
fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)),
cylno < (sblock.fs_ncg-1) ? "," : "" );
if (i + j >= width) {
printf("\n");
i = 0;
}
i += j;
printf("%s", tmpbuf);
fflush(stdout);
}
Did stdio buffering change over time so that line buffering became the default?
Thanks,
Ken
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Hi all,
> No. The uVAX memory requires special PMI stuff (carried over those
> ribbon cables) that the PDP-11 CPUs don't grok. At least, that's
> what I've always been told.
Correct.
--f
I recently found a cabinet with a MicroVAX II (in 2 BA23 enclosures) and
quite a lot storage devices on it. I plan to replace the MicroVAX II CPU
module (M7606-AA) with a pdp11/73 CPU module (M8192) . I only have a
512k RAM module (M8067LA) for the pdp11/73 . The microVAX has two quad
height memory modules , but I haven't checked yet whether they are 1, 2
,4 or 8 megs each (ie M7607,M7608 or M7609) .Is it possible to keep some
of the MicroVAX memory modules if they are below or equal to 4 megs?
> From: "Christos Papachristou" <chpap(a)ics.forth.gr>
> To: <pups(a)minnie.tuhs.org>
> Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2003 18:31:12 +0200
> Subject: [pups] pdp11/73 memory
>
> I recently found a cabinet with a MicroVAX II (in 2 BA23 enclosures) and
> quite a lot storage devices on it. I plan to replace the MicroVAX II CPU
> module (M7606-AA) with a pdp11/73 CPU module (M8192) . I only have a
> 512k RAM module (M8067LA) for the pdp11/73 . The microVAX has two quad
> height memory modules , but I haven't checked yet whether they are 1, 2
> ,4 or 8 megs each (ie M7607,M7608 or M7609) .Is it possible to keep some
> of the MicroVAX memory modules if they are below or equal to 4 megs?
No.
MicroVAX memory uses a different interconnect scheme.
It is not in the Qbus address space.
carl
--
carl lowenstein marine physical lab u.c. san diego
clowenst(a)ucsd.edu
