V10/man/man2/chdir.2

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.TH CHDIR 2
.CT 2 dirs
.SH NAME
chdir, chroot \(mi change working or root directory
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
.B int chdir(dirname)
.B char *dirname;
.PP
.B int chroot(dirname)
.B char *dirname;
.fi
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I Chdir
changes the working directory
of the invoking process to
.IR dirname ;
.I chroot
changes its root directory.
.PP
The root directory
is the starting point
when searching
for pathnames
beginning with
.LR / .
The working directory is the starting point
for pathnames that don't.
The root directory normally points to the system root.
.IR Login (8)
initially sets the working directory
as specified in the password file.
.PP
After
.IR chroot ,
it is impossible to name a file
outside the subtree rooted at the current root, provided
that the current directory is located within the subtree
and there are no links pointing outside the subtree
(except for the entry
.L \&..
in the root directory).
.PP
.I Chroot
may only be used by the super-user.
.SH SEE ALSO
.IR sh (1), 
.IR passwd (5)
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
.BR EACCES ,
.BR EFAULT ,
.BR EIO ,
.BR ELOOP ,
.BR ENOENT ,
.BR ENOTDIR ,
.BR EPERM
.RI ( chroot
only)
.SH BUGS
Using
.IR chroot ,
it is quite easy to fool set-userid programs about
the contents of the password file (for example).